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Belediye Çalışanlarının Covid-19 Korkusu ve Hijyen Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 169 - 180, 31.12.2022

Adile Tümer Fehime Nida Güllü Mürüvvet Durak Sevgül Dönmez

https://doi.org/10.33720/kisgd.1128988

Abstract

Çalışma, belediye çalışanlarının COVID-19 korkusu ile hijyen davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır ve tanımlayıcı-kesitsel türdedir. Türkiye'nin güneybatı bölgesindeki 283 örneklem büyüklüğüne sahip belediye çalışanları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veriler COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği ve COVID-19 Hijyen Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği toplam puanı 21.15±6.31, COVID-19 Hijyen Ölçeği puanı 105.04±19.76 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ölçekler arasında pozitif ve orta düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (r=0.389; p<.050). COVID-19 hijyen davranışını etkileyen en önemli değişkenler başta korku, eğitim düzeyi ve bireylerin COVID-19 geçirme durumudur. Evli bireylerde, eğitim düzeyi düşük olanlarda, kronik hastalığı olanlarda ve yakınlarına COVID-19 tanısı konanlarda COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği puan ortalaması daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca boşanmış bireylerde, eğitim ve gelir düzeyi yüksek olanlarda ve yakınlarına daha önce COVID-19 tanısı konanlarda COVID-19 Hijyen Ölçeği puan ortalamaları daha düşüktü. COVID-19 hijyen davranışını etkileyen en önemli değişkenin COVID-19 korkusu olduğu ve COVID-19 korkusu arttıkça hijyen davranışlarına uyumun arttığı bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Hijyen Davranışı Korku Pandemi Belediye Çalışanı İş Sağlığı İş Güvenliği

References

  • WHO, “Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID19,” March 2020, [updated 2022 Mar 22; cited 2022 Mar 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020.
  • Worldometer, “COVID-19 coronavirüs pandemic 2021,’’c2021. [updated 2022 Mar 22; cited 2022 Mar 22]. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
  • G. Tanrıverdi, Y. Gürsoy, and G. Özsezer, “Halk sağlığı hemşireliği yaklaşımıyla COVID-19 pandemisi,’’ HSH Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp.126-142, 2020.
  • I. Arpacı, K. Karataş, and M. Baloğlu, “The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 phobia scale (C19P-S),’’ Personality And Individual Differences, vol. 164, 110108, 2020.
  • V. Çakır Kardeş, “Pandemi süreci ve sonrası ruhsal ve davranışsal değerlendirme,’’ TDO Dergisi, vol. 4 no. 2, pp.160-169, 2020.
  • S. Doğan, “Üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19’a yazdıkları 100 mektubun incelenmesi,’’ TDA Dergisi, vol. 126, no. 248, pp.25-40, 2020.
  • O. Hatun, A. N. Dicle, and İ. Demirci, “Koronavirüs salgınının psikolojik yansımaları ve salgınla başa çıkma,’’ Electronic Turkish Stud, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 531-534, 2020.
  • J. J. Van Bavel, K. Baicker, P. S. Boggio, V. Capraro, A. Cichocka, and M. Cikara, “Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response,’’ Nature Human Behaviour, vol. 4, no. 5, pp.460–471, 2020.
  • T. Ekiz, E. Ilıman, and E. Dönmez, “Bireylerin sağlık anksiyete düzeyleri ile COVID-19 salgını kontrol algısının karşılaştırılması,’’ USYSA Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 139-154, 2020.
  • B. Pfefferbaum, and C. S. North, “Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic,’’ N Engl J Med, vol. 383, no. 6, pp. 510–512, 2020.
  • Y. Altun, “COVID-19 pandemisinde kaygı durumu ve hijyen davranışları,’’ STE Derg, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 312-317, 2020.
  • N. Dwipayanti, D. S. Lubis, and N. Harjana, “Public perception and hand hygiene behavior during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia,’’ Frontiers in Public Health, vol 9, no. 621800, 2021.
  • M. N. Esin, and N. Gülyenli, “İşyerlerinde COVID-19 pandemisi: hastalık yönetiminde iş sağlığı hemşireliği,” in COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği,” S. Aksayan, Ed., Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri S. Aksayan, pp. 58-65, 2020.
  • A. Ağar, “Biological risk factors in working life and COVID-19,” JPHN, vol. 3, pp. 133-40, 2020.
  • C. Carvalhais, M. Querido, C. C. Pereira, and J. Santos, “Biological risk assessment: A challenge for occupational safety and health practitioners during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2) pandemic’’ Work (Reading, Mass.), vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 3–13, 2021.
  • S. R. Khattak, I. Saeed, S. U. Rehman, and M. Fayaz, “Impact of fear of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nurses in Pakistan,” ISJR, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 421-435, 2021.
  • B. Yiğitol, and S. Büyükmumcu, “COVID-19 korkusu, kişilik özellikleri, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkilerin incelenmesi,” OPUS UTAD Derg, Pandemi Special Issue, pp. 3414-3447, 2021.
  • L. J. Labrague, and J. de Los Santos, “Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses,” J Nurs Manag, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 395–403, 2021.
  • The Survey System, Sample size calculator, [homepage on the Internet]. c2017 [updated 2017; cited 2020 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm
  • N. Karatas, “Sampling research,” In Erefe INursing Research Principles, Process and Methods, 3rd ed. Ankara: Focus Offset; 2004.
  • Ö. Tönbül, “Koronovirüs (COVID-19) salgını sonrası 25-60 yaş arası bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklıklarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi,” Humanistic Perspective, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 159-174, 2020.
  • D. K. Ahorsu, C. Y. Lin, V. Imani, M. Saffari, M. D. Griffiths, and A. H. Pakpour, “The fear of COVID-19 scale: development and initial validation,” ISJR, vol. 27, pp.1-9, 2020.
  • N. Ladikli, E. Bahadır, F. Yumuşak, H. Akkuzu, G. Karaman, and Z. Türkkan, “Kovid-19 korkusu ölçeği’nin Türkçe güvenilirlik ve geçerlik çalışması,” INJOSS, vol.3, no. 2, pp. 71-80, 2021.
  • B. Çiçek, H. Şahin, and S. Erkal, “Covid-19 hijyen ölçeği”: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması,” Turkish Stud, vol.15, no. 6, pp. 340-350, 2020.
  • H. Katra, and N. H.Korkmaz, “Investıgatıon of COVID-19 fear accordıng to physıcal activity levels of desk workers (example from çanakkale onsekız mart unıversıty),” RESSJ, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 335-44, 2021.
  • M. Doğan, and B. Düzel, “Fear-anxiety levels in Covid-19,” Electronic Turkish Stud, vol.15, no. 4, pp. 739-52, 2020.
  • N. Gencer, “Pandemi sürecinde bireylerin koronavirüs (Covid-19) korkusu: Çorum örneği,” USBA Dergisi, no. 4, pp. 1153-1173, 2020.
  • A. Sümen, and D. Adibelli, “The effect of coronavirus (Covid-19) out break on the mental well-being and mental health of individuals,” Perspect Psychiatr Care, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1041–1051, 2020.
  • A. Reznik, V. Gritsenko, V. Konstantinov, N. Khamenka, and R. Isralowitz, “COVID-19 fear in Eastern Europe: Validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol.19, no. 5, pp.1903–1908, 2020.
  • N. Sakib, A. Bhuiyan, S. Hossain, F. Al Mamun, I. Hosen, A. H. Abdullah, et al. “Psychometric validation of the Bangla fear of Covid-19 Scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and rasch analysis,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol. 11, pp.1–12, 2020.
  • D. Tzur Bitan, A. Grossman-Giron, Y. Bloch, Y. Mayer, N. Shiffman, and S. Mendlovic, “Fear of COVID-19 scale: Psychometric characteristics, reliability and validity in the Israeli population,” Psychiatry Res, vol. 289, 113100, 2021.
  • D. Doshi, P. Karunakar, J. R. Sukhabogi, J. S. Prasanna, and S. V. Mahajan, ““Assessing coronavirus fear in Indian population using the fear of COVID-19 scale,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol.19, no. 6, pp.2383-91, 2021.
  • OA. Aydın, S. Orhan, M. Gümüş, N. Kaya, and E. Mahanoğlu, “COVID-19’un nedenleri algısı ile COVID-19 korkusu arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir inceleme,” Al Farabi-Injosos, vol.6, no. 3, pp. 9-25, 2021.
  • M. Martínez-Lorca, A. Martínez-Lorca, J. J. Criado-Álvarez, M. Armesilla, and J. M. Latorre, “The fear of COVID-19 scale: Validation in Spanish University students,” Psychiatry Res, vol. 293, 113350, 2021.
  • A. Gökmen, Y. Toprak, and S. Sami, “A coping model for the fear of COVID-19 in the context of coping and psychological resilience,” FSMİA Dergisi, vol. 17, pp. 513-566, 2021.
  • A. B. Bakan, and M. Yıldız, “21-64 Yaş grubundaki bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesine ilişkin bir çalışma,” Sağlık ve Toplum, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 33-40, 2020.
  • H. Kocabaş, M. İlhan, Ö. Akoğlu, R. Sarıkaya, Y. Altınsoy, and K. Gür, “Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencileri ve yakınlarının maske kullanım davranışları,” HSH Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 79-95, 2021.
  • Y. Kalkan Uğurlu, H. Durgun, E. Nemutlu, O. Kurd, “COVID-19 salgını sırasında Türk toplumunun sosyal el yıkama bilgi ve tutumunun değerlendirilmesi,” JCM, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 617-624, 2020.
  • D. K. Chu, E. A. Akl, S. Duda, K. Solo, S. Yaacoub, H. J. Schünemann, et al. “Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-Cov-2 And COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” The Lancet (London, England), vol. 395. Art. no. 10242, pp. 1973–87, 2020.
  • F. Dehghani, F. Omidi, S. Yousefinejad, and E. Taheri, “The Hierarchy of preventive measures to protect workers against the COVID-19 pandemic: A review,” Work (Reading, Mass.), vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 771–777, 2020.
  • H. E. Alıcılar, G. Güneş, and M. Çöl, “Toplumda COVID-19 pandemisiyle ilgili farkındalık, tutum ve davranışların değerlendirilmesi,” ESTÜDAM TJPH, vol. 5, COVID-19 Special Issue, pp. 1-16, 2020.
  • A. A. Azlan, M. R. Hamzah, T. J. Sern, S. H. Ayub, and E. Mohamad, “Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia,” PloS One, vol. 15, no. 5, Art. no. e0233668, 2020.
  • K. Riiser, S. Helseth, K. Haraldstad, A. Torbjørnsen, and K. R. Richardsen, “Adolescents' health literacy, health protective measures, and health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic,” PloS One, vol.15, no. 8, Art. no. e0238161, 2020.
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Evaluation of the Fear of Covid-19 and Hygiene Behaviors of Municipal Employees

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 169 - 180, 31.12.2022

Adile Tümer Fehime Nida Güllü Mürüvvet Durak Sevgül Dönmez

https://doi.org/10.33720/kisgd.1128988

Abstract

The study was conducted to examine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and the hygiene behaviors of municipal employees. The descriptive and cross-sectional this study was conducted on 283 individuals who were employees of the municipality of the southwestern region of Turkey. The COVID-19 Fear Scale and the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale were used for data collection. It was found that the COVID-19 Fear Scale total score was determined to be 21.15±6.31, and the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale score was determined to be 105.04±19.76. A positive and moderate statistically significant correlation was found between the scales (r=0.389; p<.050). The most important variables affecting COVID-19 hygiene behavior were fear in the first place (Beta=0.30), education level (Beta=0.27), and COVID-19 status of individuals (Beta=0.13 at the second place). The mean score of the COVID-19 Fear Scale was higher in married individuals, those with low education levels, those with chronic diseases, and those whose relatives were diagnosed with COVID-19. In addition, the mean score of the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale was lower in divorced individuals, those with higher education and income levels, and those whose relatives were diagnosed with COVID-19 before. It was concluded that the most important variable affecting the COVID-19 hygiene behavior was the fear of COVID-19, and as the fear of COVID-19 increased, compliance with hygiene behaviors increased.

Keywords

COVID-19 Hygiene Behavior Fear Pandemic Municipality Employee Occupational Health Occupational Safety

References

  • WHO, “Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID19,” March 2020, [updated 2022 Mar 22; cited 2022 Mar 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020.
  • Worldometer, “COVID-19 coronavirüs pandemic 2021,’’c2021. [updated 2022 Mar 22; cited 2022 Mar 22]. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
  • G. Tanrıverdi, Y. Gürsoy, and G. Özsezer, “Halk sağlığı hemşireliği yaklaşımıyla COVID-19 pandemisi,’’ HSH Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp.126-142, 2020.
  • I. Arpacı, K. Karataş, and M. Baloğlu, “The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 phobia scale (C19P-S),’’ Personality And Individual Differences, vol. 164, 110108, 2020.
  • V. Çakır Kardeş, “Pandemi süreci ve sonrası ruhsal ve davranışsal değerlendirme,’’ TDO Dergisi, vol. 4 no. 2, pp.160-169, 2020.
  • S. Doğan, “Üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19’a yazdıkları 100 mektubun incelenmesi,’’ TDA Dergisi, vol. 126, no. 248, pp.25-40, 2020.
  • O. Hatun, A. N. Dicle, and İ. Demirci, “Koronavirüs salgınının psikolojik yansımaları ve salgınla başa çıkma,’’ Electronic Turkish Stud, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 531-534, 2020.
  • J. J. Van Bavel, K. Baicker, P. S. Boggio, V. Capraro, A. Cichocka, and M. Cikara, “Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response,’’ Nature Human Behaviour, vol. 4, no. 5, pp.460–471, 2020.
  • T. Ekiz, E. Ilıman, and E. Dönmez, “Bireylerin sağlık anksiyete düzeyleri ile COVID-19 salgını kontrol algısının karşılaştırılması,’’ USYSA Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 139-154, 2020.
  • B. Pfefferbaum, and C. S. North, “Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic,’’ N Engl J Med, vol. 383, no. 6, pp. 510–512, 2020.
  • Y. Altun, “COVID-19 pandemisinde kaygı durumu ve hijyen davranışları,’’ STE Derg, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 312-317, 2020.
  • N. Dwipayanti, D. S. Lubis, and N. Harjana, “Public perception and hand hygiene behavior during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia,’’ Frontiers in Public Health, vol 9, no. 621800, 2021.
  • M. N. Esin, and N. Gülyenli, “İşyerlerinde COVID-19 pandemisi: hastalık yönetiminde iş sağlığı hemşireliği,” in COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği,” S. Aksayan, Ed., Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri S. Aksayan, pp. 58-65, 2020.
  • A. Ağar, “Biological risk factors in working life and COVID-19,” JPHN, vol. 3, pp. 133-40, 2020.
  • C. Carvalhais, M. Querido, C. C. Pereira, and J. Santos, “Biological risk assessment: A challenge for occupational safety and health practitioners during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2) pandemic’’ Work (Reading, Mass.), vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 3–13, 2021.
  • S. R. Khattak, I. Saeed, S. U. Rehman, and M. Fayaz, “Impact of fear of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nurses in Pakistan,” ISJR, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 421-435, 2021.
  • B. Yiğitol, and S. Büyükmumcu, “COVID-19 korkusu, kişilik özellikleri, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkilerin incelenmesi,” OPUS UTAD Derg, Pandemi Special Issue, pp. 3414-3447, 2021.
  • L. J. Labrague, and J. de Los Santos, “Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses,” J Nurs Manag, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 395–403, 2021.
  • The Survey System, Sample size calculator, [homepage on the Internet]. c2017 [updated 2017; cited 2020 Dec 15]. Available from: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm
  • N. Karatas, “Sampling research,” In Erefe INursing Research Principles, Process and Methods, 3rd ed. Ankara: Focus Offset; 2004.
  • Ö. Tönbül, “Koronovirüs (COVID-19) salgını sonrası 25-60 yaş arası bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklıklarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi,” Humanistic Perspective, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 159-174, 2020.
  • D. K. Ahorsu, C. Y. Lin, V. Imani, M. Saffari, M. D. Griffiths, and A. H. Pakpour, “The fear of COVID-19 scale: development and initial validation,” ISJR, vol. 27, pp.1-9, 2020.
  • N. Ladikli, E. Bahadır, F. Yumuşak, H. Akkuzu, G. Karaman, and Z. Türkkan, “Kovid-19 korkusu ölçeği’nin Türkçe güvenilirlik ve geçerlik çalışması,” INJOSS, vol.3, no. 2, pp. 71-80, 2021.
  • B. Çiçek, H. Şahin, and S. Erkal, “Covid-19 hijyen ölçeği”: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması,” Turkish Stud, vol.15, no. 6, pp. 340-350, 2020.
  • H. Katra, and N. H.Korkmaz, “Investıgatıon of COVID-19 fear accordıng to physıcal activity levels of desk workers (example from çanakkale onsekız mart unıversıty),” RESSJ, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 335-44, 2021.
  • M. Doğan, and B. Düzel, “Fear-anxiety levels in Covid-19,” Electronic Turkish Stud, vol.15, no. 4, pp. 739-52, 2020.
  • N. Gencer, “Pandemi sürecinde bireylerin koronavirüs (Covid-19) korkusu: Çorum örneği,” USBA Dergisi, no. 4, pp. 1153-1173, 2020.
  • A. Sümen, and D. Adibelli, “The effect of coronavirus (Covid-19) out break on the mental well-being and mental health of individuals,” Perspect Psychiatr Care, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1041–1051, 2020.
  • A. Reznik, V. Gritsenko, V. Konstantinov, N. Khamenka, and R. Isralowitz, “COVID-19 fear in Eastern Europe: Validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol.19, no. 5, pp.1903–1908, 2020.
  • N. Sakib, A. Bhuiyan, S. Hossain, F. Al Mamun, I. Hosen, A. H. Abdullah, et al. “Psychometric validation of the Bangla fear of Covid-19 Scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and rasch analysis,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol. 11, pp.1–12, 2020.
  • D. Tzur Bitan, A. Grossman-Giron, Y. Bloch, Y. Mayer, N. Shiffman, and S. Mendlovic, “Fear of COVID-19 scale: Psychometric characteristics, reliability and validity in the Israeli population,” Psychiatry Res, vol. 289, 113100, 2021.
  • D. Doshi, P. Karunakar, J. R. Sukhabogi, J. S. Prasanna, and S. V. Mahajan, ““Assessing coronavirus fear in Indian population using the fear of COVID-19 scale,” Int. J. Ment. Health Addict, vol.19, no. 6, pp.2383-91, 2021.
  • OA. Aydın, S. Orhan, M. Gümüş, N. Kaya, and E. Mahanoğlu, “COVID-19’un nedenleri algısı ile COVID-19 korkusu arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir inceleme,” Al Farabi-Injosos, vol.6, no. 3, pp. 9-25, 2021.
  • M. Martínez-Lorca, A. Martínez-Lorca, J. J. Criado-Álvarez, M. Armesilla, and J. M. Latorre, “The fear of COVID-19 scale: Validation in Spanish University students,” Psychiatry Res, vol. 293, 113350, 2021.
  • A. Gökmen, Y. Toprak, and S. Sami, “A coping model for the fear of COVID-19 in the context of coping and psychological resilience,” FSMİA Dergisi, vol. 17, pp. 513-566, 2021.
  • A. B. Bakan, and M. Yıldız, “21-64 Yaş grubundaki bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesine ilişkin bir çalışma,” Sağlık ve Toplum, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 33-40, 2020.
  • H. Kocabaş, M. İlhan, Ö. Akoğlu, R. Sarıkaya, Y. Altınsoy, and K. Gür, “Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencileri ve yakınlarının maske kullanım davranışları,” HSH Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 79-95, 2021.
  • Y. Kalkan Uğurlu, H. Durgun, E. Nemutlu, O. Kurd, “COVID-19 salgını sırasında Türk toplumunun sosyal el yıkama bilgi ve tutumunun değerlendirilmesi,” JCM, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 617-624, 2020.
  • D. K. Chu, E. A. Akl, S. Duda, K. Solo, S. Yaacoub, H. J. Schünemann, et al. “Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-Cov-2 And COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” The Lancet (London, England), vol. 395. Art. no. 10242, pp. 1973–87, 2020.
  • F. Dehghani, F. Omidi, S. Yousefinejad, and E. Taheri, “The Hierarchy of preventive measures to protect workers against the COVID-19 pandemic: A review,” Work (Reading, Mass.), vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 771–777, 2020.
  • H. E. Alıcılar, G. Güneş, and M. Çöl, “Toplumda COVID-19 pandemisiyle ilgili farkındalık, tutum ve davranışların değerlendirilmesi,” ESTÜDAM TJPH, vol. 5, COVID-19 Special Issue, pp. 1-16, 2020.
  • A. A. Azlan, M. R. Hamzah, T. J. Sern, S. H. Ayub, and E. Mohamad, “Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia,” PloS One, vol. 15, no. 5, Art. no. e0233668, 2020.
  • K. Riiser, S. Helseth, K. Haraldstad, A. Torbjørnsen, and K. R. Richardsen, “Adolescents' health literacy, health protective measures, and health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic,” PloS One, vol.15, no. 8, Art. no. e0238161, 2020.
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There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Occupational Health and Safety
Authors

Adile Tümer 0000-0002-3078-6468

Fehime Nida Güllü 0000-0001-6549-2876

Mürüvvet Durak 0000-0002-6788-5558

Sevgül Dönmez 0000-0003-2420-8167

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date June 10, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE A. Tümer, F. N. Güllü, M. Durak, and S. Dönmez, “Evaluation of the Fear of Covid-19 and Hygiene Behaviors of Municipal Employees”, kisgd, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 169–180, 2022, doi: 10.33720/kisgd.1128988.
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