Research Article
Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Gasoline-Methyl Ethyl Ketone Fuel Blends on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions
Abstract
Gasoline engines have been widely used because of operating with stoichiometric ratio and lower exhaust emissions compared to compression ignition engines. However, thermal efficiency is less than diesel engines due to lower compression ratio. In the present study, the influences of methyl ethyl addition were researched on engine performance, CO, CO2 and HC emissions in a single cylinder spark ignition engine. For this purpose, the test engine was run at wide-open throttle, engine speeds of 2400, 2800, 3200, 3600, 4000 rpm and the variations of engine torque, effective power, specific fuel consumption (SFC), thermal efficiency, CO, CO2 and HC emissions were investigated. It has been observed that engine power and torque increase and SFC decreases as methyl ethyl ketone is added to gasoline. It was observed that the thermal efficiency at 2800 rpm increased by 6.47%, 13.81% and 19.51%, respectively, with MEK20, MEK30 and MEK40 test fuels compared to gasoline. As the methyl ethyl ketone ratio in the blended fuels increased, HC and CO emissions reduced compared to gasoline. As a result, it was seen that methyl ethyl ketone additive can be utilized easily in a spark ignition engine without making any modification.
References
- Ackermann P., Braun K.E., Burkardt P., Heger S., König A., Morsch P., Lehrheuer B., Surger M., Völker S., Blank L.M., Du M., Alexander Heufer K., Roß-Nickoll M., Viell J., Von der Aßen N., Mitsos A., Pischinger S., Dahmen M., Designed to Be Green, Economic, and Efficient: A Ketone-Ester-Alcohol-Alkane Blend for Future Spark-Ignition Engines. Chemistry-Sustainability-Energy- Materials, ChemSusChem, Chemistry Europe 14, 5254–5264, 2021.
- Durgun O., Alaçam S. A., Benzin–Naftalin Karışımının Buji Ateşlemeli Motorun Performansına ve Eksoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin Deneysel İncelenmesi. 2nd International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Scientific Studies, Samsun, 3, 569-571, 2018.
- Heywood, J., Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988.
- Hoppe F., Burke U., Thewes M., Heufer A., Kremer F., Pischinger S., Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass: Potentials of 2-butanone and 2-methylfuran in direct injection spark ignition engines. Fuel 167, 106-117, 2016.
- Jenkins R.W., Moore C.M., Semelsberger T.A., Chuck C.J., Gordon J.C., Sutton A.D., The Effect of Functional Groups in Bio-Derived Fuel Candidates. Chemistry-Sustainability-Energy- Materials, ChemSusChem, Chemistry Europe 9, 922-931, 2016.
- Kumar S., Nayek M., Kumar A., Tandon A., Mondal P., Vijay P., Bhangale U.D., Tyagi D., Aldehyde, ketone and methane emissions from motor vehicle exhaust: a critical review. American Chemical Science Journal 1(1), 1-27, 2011.
- Libretexts Chemistry, The Basics of GOB Chemistry, Nice CXOne, https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Basics_of_General_Organic_and_Biological_Chemistry_(Ball_et_al.)/00%3A_Front_Matter/03%3A_Table_of_Contents 2023, (Accessed on 04.08.2023).
- Magara-Gomez K. T., Olson M. R., Okuda T., Walz K. A., Schauer J. J., Sensitivity of hazardous air pollutant emissions to the combustion of blends of petroleum diesel and biodiesel fuel. Atmospheric Environment 50, 307-313, 2012.
- Magnusson R., Nilsson A. C., The influence of oxygenated fuels on emissions of aldehydes and ketones from a two-stroke spark ignition engine. Fuel 90(3), 1145-1154, 2011.
- Majumdar S. S., Pihl J. A., Toops T. J., Reactivity of novel high-performance fuels on commercial three-way catalysts for control of emissions from spark-ignition engines. Applied Energy 255, 113640, 2019.
- Methyl Ethyl Ketone-Cameo Chemicals, 1999, https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chris/MEK.pdf, June, 1999, (Accessed on 16.07.2023).
- Nabi M. N., Theoretical investigation of engine thermal efficiency, adiabatic flame temperature, NOx emission and combustion-related parameters for different oxygenated fuels. Applied Thermal Engineering 30(8-9), 839-844, 2010.
- Oprescu E-E., Dragomir R.E., Radu E., Radu A., Velea S., Bolocan I., Stepan E., Rosca P., Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine powered with diesel–glycerol derivatives blends. Fuel Processing Technology, 126, 460-468, 2014.
- Prabhahar M., Sendilvelan S., Prakash S., Saravanakumar M., Investigation of pine oil methyl ester blends with diesel on a compression ignition engine to control oxides of nitrogen and soot particles. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry 10,4, 1075-1079, 2017.
- Raj C. S., Arul S., Senthilvelan S., Some comparative performance and emission studies on DI diesel engine fumigated with methanol and methyl ethyl ketone using microprocessor controlled fumigator. The Open Fuels Energy Science Journal 1(1), 74-78, 2008.
- Raj C. S., Arul S., Sendilvelan S., Saravanan C. G., A comparative assessment on performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fumigating with methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and liquefied petroleum gas. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 32(17), 1603-1613, 2010.
- Samoilov V. O., Borisov R. S., Stolonogova T. I., Zarezin D. P., Maximov A. L., Bermeshev M. V., ... Kapustin V. M., Glycerol to renewable fuel oxygenates. Part II: Gasoline-blending characteristics of glycerol and glycol derivatives with C3-C4 alkyl (idene) substituents. Fuel 280, 118585, 2020.
- Sarjovaara T., Alantie J., Larmi M., Ethanol dual-fuel combustion concept on heavy duty engine. Energy 63, 76-85, 2013.
- Shah A. N., Yun-Shan G., Jian-wei T., Carbonyls emission comparison of a turbocharged diesel engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel, and biodiesel-diesel blend. Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 3(2), 2009.
- Torres-Vinces L., Contreras-Zarazua G., Huerta-Rosas B., Sánchez-Ramírez E., Segovia-Hernández J. G., Methyl ethyl ketone production through an intensified process. Chemical Engineering Technology 43(7), 1433-1441, 2020.
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- Yang P. M., Lin K. C., Lin Y. C., Jhang S. R., Chen S. C., Emission evaluation of a diesel engine generator operating with a proportion of isobutanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blends. Applied Thermal Engineering 100, 628-635, 2016.
- Zhao H., HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry. Elsevier Science, 2007.
Buji İle Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Benzin-Metil Etil Keton Yakıt Karışımlarının Motor Performansına ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkilerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi
Abstract
Buji ile ateşlemeli motorlar stokiyometrik oranda çalışmaları, egzoz emisyonlarının sıkıştırma ile ateşlemeli motorlara göre düşük olması avantajlarından dolayı yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Ancak sıkıştırma oranları çok fazla arttırılamadığından dizel motorlara göre termik verimleri düşüktür. Bu çalışmada, metil-etil keton katkısının motor performansı, CO, CO2 ve HC emisyonları üzerindeki etkileri tek silindirli, buji ile ateşlemeli bir motorda araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla deney motoru tam gaz kelebeği açıklığında 2400, 2800, 3200, 3600 ve 4000 d/d motor devirlerinde çalıştırılmış, motor torku, gücü, özgül yakıt tüketimi, termik verim, CO, CO2 ve HC emisyonlarının değişimleri incelenmiştir. Benzine metil etil keton ilave edildikçe motor torkunun ve gücünün arttığı, özgül yakıt tüketiminin azaldığı görülmüştür. 2800 d/d motor devrinde termik verim MEK20, MEK30 ve MEK40 test yakıtları ile sırasıyla benzine göre yaklaşık % 6.47, % 13.81 ve % 19.51 arttığı görülmüştür. Karışım yakıtlardaki metil etil keton oranı arttıkça HC ve CO emisyonlarının benzine göre azaldığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak buji ile ateşlemeli bir motorda herhangi bir değişikliğe gidilmeden benzine metil etil keton katkısının rahatlıkla kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.
References
- Ackermann P., Braun K.E., Burkardt P., Heger S., König A., Morsch P., Lehrheuer B., Surger M., Völker S., Blank L.M., Du M., Alexander Heufer K., Roß-Nickoll M., Viell J., Von der Aßen N., Mitsos A., Pischinger S., Dahmen M., Designed to Be Green, Economic, and Efficient: A Ketone-Ester-Alcohol-Alkane Blend for Future Spark-Ignition Engines. Chemistry-Sustainability-Energy- Materials, ChemSusChem, Chemistry Europe 14, 5254–5264, 2021.
- Durgun O., Alaçam S. A., Benzin–Naftalin Karışımının Buji Ateşlemeli Motorun Performansına ve Eksoz Emisyonlarına Etkisinin Deneysel İncelenmesi. 2nd International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Scientific Studies, Samsun, 3, 569-571, 2018.
- Heywood, J., Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988.
- Hoppe F., Burke U., Thewes M., Heufer A., Kremer F., Pischinger S., Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass: Potentials of 2-butanone and 2-methylfuran in direct injection spark ignition engines. Fuel 167, 106-117, 2016.
- Jenkins R.W., Moore C.M., Semelsberger T.A., Chuck C.J., Gordon J.C., Sutton A.D., The Effect of Functional Groups in Bio-Derived Fuel Candidates. Chemistry-Sustainability-Energy- Materials, ChemSusChem, Chemistry Europe 9, 922-931, 2016.
- Kumar S., Nayek M., Kumar A., Tandon A., Mondal P., Vijay P., Bhangale U.D., Tyagi D., Aldehyde, ketone and methane emissions from motor vehicle exhaust: a critical review. American Chemical Science Journal 1(1), 1-27, 2011.
- Libretexts Chemistry, The Basics of GOB Chemistry, Nice CXOne, https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Basics_of_General_Organic_and_Biological_Chemistry_(Ball_et_al.)/00%3A_Front_Matter/03%3A_Table_of_Contents 2023, (Accessed on 04.08.2023).
- Magara-Gomez K. T., Olson M. R., Okuda T., Walz K. A., Schauer J. J., Sensitivity of hazardous air pollutant emissions to the combustion of blends of petroleum diesel and biodiesel fuel. Atmospheric Environment 50, 307-313, 2012.
- Magnusson R., Nilsson A. C., The influence of oxygenated fuels on emissions of aldehydes and ketones from a two-stroke spark ignition engine. Fuel 90(3), 1145-1154, 2011.
- Majumdar S. S., Pihl J. A., Toops T. J., Reactivity of novel high-performance fuels on commercial three-way catalysts for control of emissions from spark-ignition engines. Applied Energy 255, 113640, 2019.
- Methyl Ethyl Ketone-Cameo Chemicals, 1999, https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chris/MEK.pdf, June, 1999, (Accessed on 16.07.2023).
- Nabi M. N., Theoretical investigation of engine thermal efficiency, adiabatic flame temperature, NOx emission and combustion-related parameters for different oxygenated fuels. Applied Thermal Engineering 30(8-9), 839-844, 2010.
- Oprescu E-E., Dragomir R.E., Radu E., Radu A., Velea S., Bolocan I., Stepan E., Rosca P., Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine powered with diesel–glycerol derivatives blends. Fuel Processing Technology, 126, 460-468, 2014.
- Prabhahar M., Sendilvelan S., Prakash S., Saravanakumar M., Investigation of pine oil methyl ester blends with diesel on a compression ignition engine to control oxides of nitrogen and soot particles. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry 10,4, 1075-1079, 2017.
- Raj C. S., Arul S., Senthilvelan S., Some comparative performance and emission studies on DI diesel engine fumigated with methanol and methyl ethyl ketone using microprocessor controlled fumigator. The Open Fuels Energy Science Journal 1(1), 74-78, 2008.
- Raj C. S., Arul S., Sendilvelan S., Saravanan C. G., A comparative assessment on performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fumigating with methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and liquefied petroleum gas. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 32(17), 1603-1613, 2010.
- Samoilov V. O., Borisov R. S., Stolonogova T. I., Zarezin D. P., Maximov A. L., Bermeshev M. V., ... Kapustin V. M., Glycerol to renewable fuel oxygenates. Part II: Gasoline-blending characteristics of glycerol and glycol derivatives with C3-C4 alkyl (idene) substituents. Fuel 280, 118585, 2020.
- Sarjovaara T., Alantie J., Larmi M., Ethanol dual-fuel combustion concept on heavy duty engine. Energy 63, 76-85, 2013.
- Shah A. N., Yun-Shan G., Jian-wei T., Carbonyls emission comparison of a turbocharged diesel engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel, and biodiesel-diesel blend. Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 3(2), 2009.
- Torres-Vinces L., Contreras-Zarazua G., Huerta-Rosas B., Sánchez-Ramírez E., Segovia-Hernández J. G., Methyl ethyl ketone production through an intensified process. Chemical Engineering Technology 43(7), 1433-1441, 2020.
- Tüpraş,2023.https://www.tupras.com.tr/uploads/Urunler_en/UNLEADED_MOTOR_GASOLINE_95_RON-243.pdf, (Accessed on 16.07.2023).
- Yang P. M., Lin K. C., Lin Y. C., Jhang S. R., Chen S. C., Emission evaluation of a diesel engine generator operating with a proportion of isobutanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blends. Applied Thermal Engineering 100, 628-635, 2016.
- Zhao H., HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry. Elsevier Science, 2007.
There are 23 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | December 25, 2023 |
| Publication Date | December 26, 2023 |
| Submission Date | July 25, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
