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Presence of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793) in the Black Sea

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 14 - 17, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.800160

Abstract

Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is a highly commercial species with the highest production rate in aquaculture in the world. This species has been raised on the Crimean and Romanian Coasts since 1980s with reports of potentially breeding wild populations in those regions. However, the presence of this species on Turkish Coast of Black Sea are literally unknown. Therefore, here we investigated the occurrence, population density and the size-age structure of the wild colonies of C. gigas on Ordu Coasts. We found that C. gigas has created breeding populations on the Turkish Coasts with becoming the dominant species on some hard substrate including rocky bottoms and large rocks that were used for the fulfillment of the coastal regions to gain more land. Further, the population density was 94.58 ind./m2 with an average shell length of 3.33 + 0.724 cm. Our results here showed that C. gigas has adapted to the Turkish Coasts of Black Sea with creating breeding populations, therefore a management plan should be applied in order to reduce potential influence of this on the natural species.

References

  • Acarli, S., Vural, P. & Gündüz. F. (2017). Meat yield andcondition index of invasive species Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg 1793) in Bandirma Bay (Marmara Sea, Turkey). International İskenderun Bay Symposium. 11-13 October 2017. İskenderun, Turkey. 120 pp.
  • Batista, F.M., Ben-Hamadou, R., Fonseca, V.G., Taris, N., Ruano. F., Reis-Henriques, M.A., & Boudry, P. (2008). Comparative study of shell shape and muscle scar pigmentation in the closely related cupped oysters Crassostrea angulate, C. gigas and their reciprocal hybrids. Aquatic Living Resources, 21, 31–38. DOI: 10.1051/alr:2008019
  • Cardoso J.F.M.F., Langlet, D., Loff, J.F., Martins, A.R., Witte, J.I.J., Santos, P.T. & van der Veer, H.W. (2007). Spatial variability in growth and reproduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg. 1793) along the west European coast. Journal of Sea Research, 57, 303-315.
  • Christensen, H.T. & Elmedal. I. (2007). Den invasive stillehavsøsters, Crassostrea gigas. I Limfjorden. inddragelse af borgere og interessenter i forslag til en forvaltningsplan. p. 154. Limfjorden. ConchBooks. Hackenheim. 221 pp.
  • Diederich, S. (2006). High survival and growth rates of introduced Pacific oysters may cause restrictions on habitat use by native mussels in the Wadden Sea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 328, 211-227.
  • Enríquez-Díaz, M., Pouvreau, S., Chávez-Villalba, J. & Le Pennec, M. (2009). Gametogenesis, reproductive investment, and spawning behavior of the Pacific giant oyster Crassostrea gigas: evidence of an environment-dependent strategy. Aquaculture International, 17(5), 491.
  • FAO 2018. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018. Meeting the sustainable development goals. Rome.
  • Gökçek, E.Ö., Acarli, S., Karahan, B., Vural, P. & Baştanlar, E.K. (2020). First molecular record of the alien species Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg 1793) in the Marmara Sea. Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 9, 23-31. DOI: 10.33714/masteb.668529
  • Keller, R.P., Drake, J.M., Drew, M.B. & Lodge, D.M. (2011). Linking environmental conditions and ship movements to estimate invasive species transport across the global shipping network. Diversity and Distributions, 17, 93–102.
  • Krapal, A.M., Ioniţă, M., Caplan, M. & Buhaciuc-Ioniţă, E. (2019). Wild Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg. 1793) populations in Romanian Black Sea waters – friend or foe? Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa”, 62, 175–183. DOI: 10.3897/travaux.62.e49074
  • Lucas, M. (1982). The genus Crassostrea in Europe. La Conchiglia 14, 18–19.
  • MGM, 2020. Distribution of sea water temperatures in the Black Sea. Reports of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Meteorology. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/.
  • Micu, D. (2004). Annotated checklist of the marine Mollusca from the Romanian Black Sea. International Workshop on the Black Sea Benthos. 18-23 April 2004. Istanbul. Turkey. pp. 89-152.
  • NOBANIS 2020. Fact sheet Crassostrea gigas. Available from http://www.NOBANIS.org. Data of Access, 20/07/2020.
  • Pecarevic, M., Mikus, J., Bratos, Cetinic, A., Dulcic, J. & Calic, M. (2013). Introduced marine species in Croatian waters (Eastern Adriatic Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 14(1), 224-237. DOI:10.12681/mms.383
  • Poppe, G. & Goto, Y. (2000). European Seashells Vol. II (Scaphopoda. Bivalvia. Cefalopoda). Press Constanța. 185 pp. [in Romanian]
  • Ruesink, J.L., Lenihan, H.S., Trimble, A.C., Heiman, K.W., Micheli, F., Byers, J.E. & Kay, M.C. (2005) Introduction of non-native oysters: Ecosystem effects and restoration implications. Annual Review of Ecology. Evolution and Systematics, 36, 643–689.
  • Schmidt, A., Wehrmann, A. & Dittmann, S. (2008). Population dynamics of the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas during the early stages of an outbreak in the Wadden Sea (Germany). Helgoland Marine Research, 62(4), 367-376. DOI:10.1007/s10152-008-0125-8
  • Shatkin, G., Shumway, S.E. & Hawes. R. (1997). Considerations regarding the possible introduction of the pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to the Gulf of Maine: a review of global experience. Journal of Shellfish Research, 16(2), 463-477.
  • Skolka, M, Gomoiu, M.T. (2004). Specii invazive în Marea Neagră. Impactul ecologic al pătrunderii de noi specii în ecosistemele acvatice. Ovidius University Press Constanţ. 180p.
  • Walles, B., Mann, R., Ysebaert, T., Troost, K., Herman, P.M.J. & Smaal, A.C. (2015). Demography of the ecosystem engineer Crassostrea gigas related to vertical reef accretion and reef persistence. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 54, 224-233. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2015.01.006
  • Wang, J., Christoffersen, K., Buck, S., Tao, Y. & Hansen, B.W. (2007). The Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in the Isefjord. Denmark, Roskilde University, Department of Environmental, Social and Spacial Change. Roskilde. p. 49.
  • Wolff, W. J. & Reise, K. (2002). Oyster imports as a vector for the introduction of alien species into northern and western European coastal waters. In Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution impacts and management (pp. 193-205). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Zaharia, T. & Crivăţ, M. (2017). Creşterea dirijată a stridiei japoneze (Crassostrea gigas) la litoralul românesc [Directed growth of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in the Romanian littoral zone]. In: Zaharia, T., Niţă, V.N. & Nenciu, M.I. (Eds) Bazele acvaculturii marine in România [The basics of marine aquaculture in Romania]. CD PRESS. Bucureşti. 28–49. [in Romanian]
  • Zolotarev, V. (1996). The Black Sea ecosystem changes related to the introduction of new mollusc species. Marine Ecology, 17, 227-236.

Pasifik istiridyesinin (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793) Karadeniz’de varlığı

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 14 - 17, 31.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.800160

Abstract

Pasifik istiridyesi (Crassostrea gigas) yüksek ekonomik değeri olan ve dünyada en çok üretimi yapılan türdür. Kırım ve Romanya kıyılarında 1980’li yıllarda kültür çalışmaları yapılmış ve bölgede doğal stokların ürediği rapor edilmiştir. Ancak, türün Karadeniz'in Türkiye kıyılarında varlığı bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada C. gigas türünün Ordu sahillerinde varlığı, populasyon yoğunluğu ve boyutları araştırılmıştır. C. gigas türünün Türkiye sahillerinde üreyip populasyon oluşturduğu, sert zeminlerde, doğal kayalık bölgelerde ve dolgu alanlarında dominant tür haline geldiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca populasyon yoğunluğu 94.58 birey/m2 olarak, ortalama kabuk boyu ise 3.33 + 0.724 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, C. gigas türünün Karadeniz’in Türkiye sahillerine adapte olduğu ve doğal bir populasyon oluşturduğu söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca türün bölgedeki doğal stoklara etkisinin araştırılması için bir yönetim planıın hazırlanması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Acarli, S., Vural, P. & Gündüz. F. (2017). Meat yield andcondition index of invasive species Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg 1793) in Bandirma Bay (Marmara Sea, Turkey). International İskenderun Bay Symposium. 11-13 October 2017. İskenderun, Turkey. 120 pp.
  • Batista, F.M., Ben-Hamadou, R., Fonseca, V.G., Taris, N., Ruano. F., Reis-Henriques, M.A., & Boudry, P. (2008). Comparative study of shell shape and muscle scar pigmentation in the closely related cupped oysters Crassostrea angulate, C. gigas and their reciprocal hybrids. Aquatic Living Resources, 21, 31–38. DOI: 10.1051/alr:2008019
  • Cardoso J.F.M.F., Langlet, D., Loff, J.F., Martins, A.R., Witte, J.I.J., Santos, P.T. & van der Veer, H.W. (2007). Spatial variability in growth and reproduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg. 1793) along the west European coast. Journal of Sea Research, 57, 303-315.
  • Christensen, H.T. & Elmedal. I. (2007). Den invasive stillehavsøsters, Crassostrea gigas. I Limfjorden. inddragelse af borgere og interessenter i forslag til en forvaltningsplan. p. 154. Limfjorden. ConchBooks. Hackenheim. 221 pp.
  • Diederich, S. (2006). High survival and growth rates of introduced Pacific oysters may cause restrictions on habitat use by native mussels in the Wadden Sea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 328, 211-227.
  • Enríquez-Díaz, M., Pouvreau, S., Chávez-Villalba, J. & Le Pennec, M. (2009). Gametogenesis, reproductive investment, and spawning behavior of the Pacific giant oyster Crassostrea gigas: evidence of an environment-dependent strategy. Aquaculture International, 17(5), 491.
  • FAO 2018. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018. Meeting the sustainable development goals. Rome.
  • Gökçek, E.Ö., Acarli, S., Karahan, B., Vural, P. & Baştanlar, E.K. (2020). First molecular record of the alien species Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg 1793) in the Marmara Sea. Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 9, 23-31. DOI: 10.33714/masteb.668529
  • Keller, R.P., Drake, J.M., Drew, M.B. & Lodge, D.M. (2011). Linking environmental conditions and ship movements to estimate invasive species transport across the global shipping network. Diversity and Distributions, 17, 93–102.
  • Krapal, A.M., Ioniţă, M., Caplan, M. & Buhaciuc-Ioniţă, E. (2019). Wild Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg. 1793) populations in Romanian Black Sea waters – friend or foe? Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa”, 62, 175–183. DOI: 10.3897/travaux.62.e49074
  • Lucas, M. (1982). The genus Crassostrea in Europe. La Conchiglia 14, 18–19.
  • MGM, 2020. Distribution of sea water temperatures in the Black Sea. Reports of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Meteorology. https://www.mgm.gov.tr/.
  • Micu, D. (2004). Annotated checklist of the marine Mollusca from the Romanian Black Sea. International Workshop on the Black Sea Benthos. 18-23 April 2004. Istanbul. Turkey. pp. 89-152.
  • NOBANIS 2020. Fact sheet Crassostrea gigas. Available from http://www.NOBANIS.org. Data of Access, 20/07/2020.
  • Pecarevic, M., Mikus, J., Bratos, Cetinic, A., Dulcic, J. & Calic, M. (2013). Introduced marine species in Croatian waters (Eastern Adriatic Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 14(1), 224-237. DOI:10.12681/mms.383
  • Poppe, G. & Goto, Y. (2000). European Seashells Vol. II (Scaphopoda. Bivalvia. Cefalopoda). Press Constanța. 185 pp. [in Romanian]
  • Ruesink, J.L., Lenihan, H.S., Trimble, A.C., Heiman, K.W., Micheli, F., Byers, J.E. & Kay, M.C. (2005) Introduction of non-native oysters: Ecosystem effects and restoration implications. Annual Review of Ecology. Evolution and Systematics, 36, 643–689.
  • Schmidt, A., Wehrmann, A. & Dittmann, S. (2008). Population dynamics of the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas during the early stages of an outbreak in the Wadden Sea (Germany). Helgoland Marine Research, 62(4), 367-376. DOI:10.1007/s10152-008-0125-8
  • Shatkin, G., Shumway, S.E. & Hawes. R. (1997). Considerations regarding the possible introduction of the pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to the Gulf of Maine: a review of global experience. Journal of Shellfish Research, 16(2), 463-477.
  • Skolka, M, Gomoiu, M.T. (2004). Specii invazive în Marea Neagră. Impactul ecologic al pătrunderii de noi specii în ecosistemele acvatice. Ovidius University Press Constanţ. 180p.
  • Walles, B., Mann, R., Ysebaert, T., Troost, K., Herman, P.M.J. & Smaal, A.C. (2015). Demography of the ecosystem engineer Crassostrea gigas related to vertical reef accretion and reef persistence. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 54, 224-233. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2015.01.006
  • Wang, J., Christoffersen, K., Buck, S., Tao, Y. & Hansen, B.W. (2007). The Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in the Isefjord. Denmark, Roskilde University, Department of Environmental, Social and Spacial Change. Roskilde. p. 49.
  • Wolff, W. J. & Reise, K. (2002). Oyster imports as a vector for the introduction of alien species into northern and western European coastal waters. In Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution impacts and management (pp. 193-205). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Zaharia, T. & Crivăţ, M. (2017). Creşterea dirijată a stridiei japoneze (Crassostrea gigas) la litoralul românesc [Directed growth of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in the Romanian littoral zone]. In: Zaharia, T., Niţă, V.N. & Nenciu, M.I. (Eds) Bazele acvaculturii marine in România [The basics of marine aquaculture in Romania]. CD PRESS. Bucureşti. 28–49. [in Romanian]
  • Zolotarev, V. (1996). The Black Sea ecosystem changes related to the introduction of new mollusc species. Marine Ecology, 17, 227-236.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Aydın 0000-0003-1163-6461

Mustafa Gül 0000-0002-2864-273X

Publication Date March 31, 2021
Submission Date September 25, 2020
Acceptance Date January 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aydın, M., & Gül, M. (2021). Presence of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793) in the Black Sea. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 14-17. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.800160


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