Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Evaluation of Pretreatment Serum Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio in Dogs with Naturally Occurring Parvovirus Infection

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 118 - 124, 30.06.2020

Didem Pekmezci Kübra Çakır

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.690811

Abstract

A pretreatment albumin (ALB)-to-globulin (GLB) ratio (AGR) with a predictive significance has been used as an indispensable marker among cancer types for recurrence and prognosis in human patients. This study aims to determine whether the pretreatment AGR and total calcium (tCa), magnesium (Mg), ionised phosphorus (iP), total protein (TP), and haematology parameters—as bedside markers—differs in dogs with naturally occurring parvovirus infection (PVI). Fourteen client-owned dogs aged 2-8 months that were naturally infected with parvovirus (PV) were enrolled as the study group. Seven client-owned, healthy dogs of the same age formed the control group. Pretreatment mean complete blood counts, serum tCa, Mg, iP, TP, ALB, globulin GLB and AGR values, were compared between groups. The pretreatment mean WBC, NEU, LYM, EOS, GLB, and TP levels were found to be significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the study group, when compared to the control group. On the other hand, pretreatment AGR with iP was found to be statistically higher (P < 0.05) in the study group, when compared to the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between mean serum GLB and WBC levels in the current study. A significant positive correlation between mean serum TP and WBC levels was also found. This preliminary study demonstrates that pretreatment serum GLB levels and the AGR—as easy, inexpensive, objective, and non-invasive biomarkers—could be the new prognostic marker candidates in dogs with naturally occurring PVI.

Keywords

Albumin-to-globulin ratio canine globulin parvovirus prognostic marker candidate

Thanks

The authors are especially thankful to Murat Bayazit and Merve Parmaksiz from Istar Consultancy, Turkey for performing the statistical analyses of this study.

References

  • Abate, O., Zanatta, R., Malisano, T. & Dotta, U. (2000). Canine serum protein patterns using high-resolution electrophoresis (HRE). The Veterinary Journal., 159, 150-154.
  • Alberghina, D., Giannetto, C., Vazzana, I., Ferrantelli, V. & Piccione, G. (2011). Reference intervals for total protein concentration, serum protein fractions, and albumin/globulin ratios in clinically healthy dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation., 23, 111-114.
  • Appel, M.J.G., Cooper, B.J., Greisen, H. & Carmicheal, L.E. (1978). Status report: canine viral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 173, 1516-1518.
  • Bossuyt, X. (2006). Advances in serum protein electrophoresis. Advances in Clinical Chemistry., 42, 43-80.
  • Castro, T.X., Rita de Cassia, N., Goncalves, L.P., Costa, E.M. & Marcello, G.C. (2013). Clinical, hematological, and biochemical findings in puppies with coronavirus and parvovirus enteritis. Canadian Veterinary Journal., 54, 885-888.
  • Chen, W.Z., Yu, S.T., Xie, R., Lv, Y.X., Xu, D.B. & Yu, J.C. (2017). Preoperative albumin/globulin ratio has predictive value for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget., 8, 48240-48247.
  • Eckersall, P.D. (2008). Proteins, proteomics, and the dysproteinemias, In: Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W. & Bruss, M.L. (Ed), Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 6th ed., 117-155p, Elsevier Academic Press, California, USA.
  • Escuela, M.P., Guerra, M., Anon, J.M., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Zapatero, M.D., Jalon, A.G. & Celeya, S. (2005). Total and ionized serum magnesium in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Medicine., 31, 151-156.
  • Goddard, A., Leisewitz, A., Christopher, M., Duncan, N.M. & Becker, P.J. (2008). Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 22, 309-316.
  • Goddard, A. & Leisewitz, A.L. (2010). Canine parvovirus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice., 40, 1041-1053.
  • He, X., Guo, S., Chen, D., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., He, Q., Quin, Z., Liu, Z., Xue, Y., Zhang, M., Liu, R., Zhou, F., Han, H. & Yao, K. (2017). Preoperative albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma. Journal of Cancer., 8, 258-265.
  • Hoskins, J.D. (2001). Canine Viral Enteritis, In: Ettinger, S.J. (Ed), Pocket Companion to Text Book of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 5th ed., 214-218p, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA.
  • Hoskins, J.D. (1998). Canine Viral Enteritis, In: Greene, C.E. (Ed), Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 2nd ed., 40-45p, WB Saunders Company, Toronto, Ontario, USA.
  • Jacobs, R.M., Weiser, M.G., Hall, R.L. & Kowalski, J.J. (1980). Clinicopathologic features of canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association., 16, 809-814.
  • Kalli, I., Leontides, L.S., Mylonakis, M.E., Adamama-Moraitou, K., Rallis, T. & Kouitinas, A.F. (2010). Factors affecting the occurrence, duration of hospitalization and final outcome in canine parvovirus infection. Research in Veterinary Science., 89, 174-178.
  • Kaneko, J.J. (1997). Serum proteins and the dysproteinemias, In: Kaneko, J.J. (Ed), Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 5th ed,. 117-138p, Academic Press, London, UK.
  • Krimer, P.M. (2011). Generating and interpreting test results: test validity, quality control, reference values, and basic epidemiology, In: Latimer, K.S. (Ed), Duncan and Prasse’s Veterinary Laboratory Medicine: Clinical Pathology. 5th ed., 365-382p, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Lin, Q., Lin, Z., Chen, J., Lin, J.X., Li, X., Jiang J.R., Ma, X.K., Wu, D.H., Chen, Z.H., Dong, M., Wei, L., Wang, T.T., Ruan, D.Y., Lin, Z.X., Wen, J.Y., Wu, X.Y. & Huang, M.S. (2017). Prognostic significance of preoperative albumin-to-globulin ratio in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Current Research in Translational Medicine., 65, 83-87.
  • Ling, M., Norris, J.M., Kelman, M. & Ward, M.P. (2012). Risk factors for death from canine parvoviral related disease in Australia. Veterinary Microbiology., 158, 280-290.
  • Mann, F., Boon, G., Wagner-Mann, C., Ruben, D.S. & Harrington, D.P. (1998). Ionized and total magnesium concentrations in blood from dogs with naturally acquired parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 212, 1398-1401.
  • Mazzaferro, E.M., Rudloff, E. & Kirby, R. (2002). The role of albumin replacement in the critically ill veterinary patient. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care., 12, 113-124.
  • McCaw, D.L. & Hoskins, J.D. (2006). Canine viral enteritis, In: Greene, C.E. (Ed), Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 3trd ed., 63-73p, Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis.
  • McClure, V., Schoor, M.. Thompson, P.N., Kjelgaard-Hansen, M. & Goddard, A. (2013). Evaluation of the use of serum C-reactive protein concentration to predict outcome in puppies infected with canine parvovirus. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 243, 361-366.
  • Mohr, A.J., Leisewitz, A.L., Jacobson, L.S., Steiner, J.M., Ruaux, C.G. & Williams, D.A. (2003). Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 17, 791-798.
  • Okutucu, B., Dincer, A., Habib, O. & Zihnioglu, F. (2007). Comparison of five methods for determination of total plasma protein concentration. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods., 70, 709-711.
  • Otto, C.M., Rieser, T.M., Brooks, M.B. & Russell, M.W. (2000). Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 217, 1500-1504.
  • Prittie, J. (2004). Canine parvoviral enteritis: a review of diagnosis, management, and prevention. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 14, 167-176.
  • Rørtveit, R., Sævik, B.K., Eggertsdottir, A.V., Skancke, E. & Lingaas, F. (2015). Age-related changes in hematologic and serum biochemical variables in dogs aged 16–60 days. Veterinary Clinical Pathology., 44, 47-57.
  • Schoeman, J.P., Goddard, A. & Leisewitz, A.L. (2013). Biomarkers in canine parvovirus enteritis. New Zealand Veterinary Journal., 61, 217-222.
  • Shibutani, M., Maeda, K., Nagahara, H., Ohtani, H., Iseki, Y., Ikeya, T., Sugano, K. & Hirakawa, K. (2015). The pretreatment albumin to globulin ratio predicts chemotherapeutic outcomes in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer., 15, 347.
  • Sugimoto, K., Komiyama, H., Kojima, Y., Goto, M., Tomiki, Y. & Sakamoto, K. (2012). Glasgow prognostic score as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer. Digestive Surgery., 29, 503-509.
  • Tothova, C., Nagy, O. & Kovac, G. (2016). Serum proteins and their diagnostic utility in veterinary medicine: A review. Veterinární Medicína., 61, 475-496.
  • Van den Broek, A.H.M. (1990). Serum protein electrophoresis in canine parvovirus enteritis. British Veterinary Journal., 146, 255-259.
  • Weaver, D.M., Tyler, J.W., Van Metre, D.C., Hostetler, D.E. & Barrington, G.M. (2000). Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 14, 569-577.
  • Yilmaz, Z. & Senturk, S. (2007). Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Small Animal Practice., 48, 643-650.
  • Zhou T, He X, Fang W, Zhan J, Hong S, Qin, T., Ma, Y., Sheng, J., Zhou, N., Zhao, Y., Huang, Y. & Zhang, L. (2016). Pretreatment albumin/globulin ratio predicts the prognosis for small-cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore)., 95, e3097.

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 118 - 124, 30.06.2020

Didem Pekmezci Kübra Çakır

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.690811

Abstract

References

  • Abate, O., Zanatta, R., Malisano, T. & Dotta, U. (2000). Canine serum protein patterns using high-resolution electrophoresis (HRE). The Veterinary Journal., 159, 150-154.
  • Alberghina, D., Giannetto, C., Vazzana, I., Ferrantelli, V. & Piccione, G. (2011). Reference intervals for total protein concentration, serum protein fractions, and albumin/globulin ratios in clinically healthy dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation., 23, 111-114.
  • Appel, M.J.G., Cooper, B.J., Greisen, H. & Carmicheal, L.E. (1978). Status report: canine viral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 173, 1516-1518.
  • Bossuyt, X. (2006). Advances in serum protein electrophoresis. Advances in Clinical Chemistry., 42, 43-80.
  • Castro, T.X., Rita de Cassia, N., Goncalves, L.P., Costa, E.M. & Marcello, G.C. (2013). Clinical, hematological, and biochemical findings in puppies with coronavirus and parvovirus enteritis. Canadian Veterinary Journal., 54, 885-888.
  • Chen, W.Z., Yu, S.T., Xie, R., Lv, Y.X., Xu, D.B. & Yu, J.C. (2017). Preoperative albumin/globulin ratio has predictive value for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget., 8, 48240-48247.
  • Eckersall, P.D. (2008). Proteins, proteomics, and the dysproteinemias, In: Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W. & Bruss, M.L. (Ed), Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 6th ed., 117-155p, Elsevier Academic Press, California, USA.
  • Escuela, M.P., Guerra, M., Anon, J.M., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Zapatero, M.D., Jalon, A.G. & Celeya, S. (2005). Total and ionized serum magnesium in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Medicine., 31, 151-156.
  • Goddard, A., Leisewitz, A., Christopher, M., Duncan, N.M. & Becker, P.J. (2008). Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 22, 309-316.
  • Goddard, A. & Leisewitz, A.L. (2010). Canine parvovirus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice., 40, 1041-1053.
  • He, X., Guo, S., Chen, D., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., He, Q., Quin, Z., Liu, Z., Xue, Y., Zhang, M., Liu, R., Zhou, F., Han, H. & Yao, K. (2017). Preoperative albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma. Journal of Cancer., 8, 258-265.
  • Hoskins, J.D. (2001). Canine Viral Enteritis, In: Ettinger, S.J. (Ed), Pocket Companion to Text Book of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 5th ed., 214-218p, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA.
  • Hoskins, J.D. (1998). Canine Viral Enteritis, In: Greene, C.E. (Ed), Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 2nd ed., 40-45p, WB Saunders Company, Toronto, Ontario, USA.
  • Jacobs, R.M., Weiser, M.G., Hall, R.L. & Kowalski, J.J. (1980). Clinicopathologic features of canine parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association., 16, 809-814.
  • Kalli, I., Leontides, L.S., Mylonakis, M.E., Adamama-Moraitou, K., Rallis, T. & Kouitinas, A.F. (2010). Factors affecting the occurrence, duration of hospitalization and final outcome in canine parvovirus infection. Research in Veterinary Science., 89, 174-178.
  • Kaneko, J.J. (1997). Serum proteins and the dysproteinemias, In: Kaneko, J.J. (Ed), Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 5th ed,. 117-138p, Academic Press, London, UK.
  • Krimer, P.M. (2011). Generating and interpreting test results: test validity, quality control, reference values, and basic epidemiology, In: Latimer, K.S. (Ed), Duncan and Prasse’s Veterinary Laboratory Medicine: Clinical Pathology. 5th ed., 365-382p, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
  • Lin, Q., Lin, Z., Chen, J., Lin, J.X., Li, X., Jiang J.R., Ma, X.K., Wu, D.H., Chen, Z.H., Dong, M., Wei, L., Wang, T.T., Ruan, D.Y., Lin, Z.X., Wen, J.Y., Wu, X.Y. & Huang, M.S. (2017). Prognostic significance of preoperative albumin-to-globulin ratio in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Current Research in Translational Medicine., 65, 83-87.
  • Ling, M., Norris, J.M., Kelman, M. & Ward, M.P. (2012). Risk factors for death from canine parvoviral related disease in Australia. Veterinary Microbiology., 158, 280-290.
  • Mann, F., Boon, G., Wagner-Mann, C., Ruben, D.S. & Harrington, D.P. (1998). Ionized and total magnesium concentrations in blood from dogs with naturally acquired parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 212, 1398-1401.
  • Mazzaferro, E.M., Rudloff, E. & Kirby, R. (2002). The role of albumin replacement in the critically ill veterinary patient. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care., 12, 113-124.
  • McCaw, D.L. & Hoskins, J.D. (2006). Canine viral enteritis, In: Greene, C.E. (Ed), Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 3trd ed., 63-73p, Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis.
  • McClure, V., Schoor, M.. Thompson, P.N., Kjelgaard-Hansen, M. & Goddard, A. (2013). Evaluation of the use of serum C-reactive protein concentration to predict outcome in puppies infected with canine parvovirus. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 243, 361-366.
  • Mohr, A.J., Leisewitz, A.L., Jacobson, L.S., Steiner, J.M., Ruaux, C.G. & Williams, D.A. (2003). Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 17, 791-798.
  • Okutucu, B., Dincer, A., Habib, O. & Zihnioglu, F. (2007). Comparison of five methods for determination of total plasma protein concentration. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods., 70, 709-711.
  • Otto, C.M., Rieser, T.M., Brooks, M.B. & Russell, M.W. (2000). Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association., 217, 1500-1504.
  • Prittie, J. (2004). Canine parvoviral enteritis: a review of diagnosis, management, and prevention. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 14, 167-176.
  • Rørtveit, R., Sævik, B.K., Eggertsdottir, A.V., Skancke, E. & Lingaas, F. (2015). Age-related changes in hematologic and serum biochemical variables in dogs aged 16–60 days. Veterinary Clinical Pathology., 44, 47-57.
  • Schoeman, J.P., Goddard, A. & Leisewitz, A.L. (2013). Biomarkers in canine parvovirus enteritis. New Zealand Veterinary Journal., 61, 217-222.
  • Shibutani, M., Maeda, K., Nagahara, H., Ohtani, H., Iseki, Y., Ikeya, T., Sugano, K. & Hirakawa, K. (2015). The pretreatment albumin to globulin ratio predicts chemotherapeutic outcomes in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer., 15, 347.
  • Sugimoto, K., Komiyama, H., Kojima, Y., Goto, M., Tomiki, Y. & Sakamoto, K. (2012). Glasgow prognostic score as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer. Digestive Surgery., 29, 503-509.
  • Tothova, C., Nagy, O. & Kovac, G. (2016). Serum proteins and their diagnostic utility in veterinary medicine: A review. Veterinární Medicína., 61, 475-496.
  • Van den Broek, A.H.M. (1990). Serum protein electrophoresis in canine parvovirus enteritis. British Veterinary Journal., 146, 255-259.
  • Weaver, D.M., Tyler, J.W., Van Metre, D.C., Hostetler, D.E. & Barrington, G.M. (2000). Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine., 14, 569-577.
  • Yilmaz, Z. & Senturk, S. (2007). Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Journal of Small Animal Practice., 48, 643-650.
  • Zhou T, He X, Fang W, Zhan J, Hong S, Qin, T., Ma, Y., Sheng, J., Zhou, N., Zhao, Y., Huang, Y. & Zhang, L. (2016). Pretreatment albumin/globulin ratio predicts the prognosis for small-cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore)., 95, e3097.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Didem Pekmezci 0000-0003-2072-8165

Kübra Çakır 0000-0001-7488-1400

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date February 19, 2020
Acceptance Date April 3, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Pekmezci, D., & Çakır, K. (2020). Evaluation of Pretreatment Serum Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio in Dogs with Naturally Occurring Parvovirus Infection. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 5(2), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.690811
 Download Cover Image


13221            13345           13349              13352              13353              13354          13355    13356   13358   13359   13361     13363   13364                crossref1.png            
         Paperity.org                                  13369                                         EBSCOHost                                                        Scilit                                                    CABI   
JAES/AAS-Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences/Anatolian Academic Sciences&Anadolu Çevre ve Hayvancılık Dergisi/Anadolu Akademik Bilimler-AÇEH/AAS