Research Article
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Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 235 - 241, 25.03.2024

Arda Onur Özkök Murat Selcuk

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding shilajit to the diet of honey bees on semen freezing. A total of 5 groups were formed in the research, one of which was a control group (SH-0) and the other four were an experimental group (SH-1, SH-2, SH-3, SH-4). A total of 25 study colonies were used, 5 in each group. While the SH-0 group was formed without using any additives, the experimental groups were fed with the addition of shilajit (1/1 sugar/water) in different doses (5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L) to the honey bee diet. The collected semen samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor and then stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. Then, semen samples were thawed at 37°C and evaluated to determine spermatological parameters (motility, acrosome integrity, plasma membrane integrity, spermatozoa concentration). It was also examined in terms of total oxidant and total antioxidant. Compared to the control group, it was determined that all shilajit doses significantly increased spermatological parameters such as motility, hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST), acrosome integrity (p<0.001), but did not significantly affect the spermatozoa concentration value (p >0.05). Although there is no statistical difference between the groups in terms of semen TAS (Total Antioxidant Status) and TOS (Total Oxidant Status) values, which are oxidative stress parameters, the numerical increase in TAS values in SH-2 and SH-3 groups; striking. As a result, it was determined that adding shijajit to the honey bee diet positively affected the post-thawing spermatological parameters of frozen bee semen.

Keywords

Antioxidant Freezing Honey bee Shilajit Semen

References

  • Agarwal, S. P., Khanna, R., Karmarkar, R., Anwer, M. K., & Khar, R. K. (2007). Shilajit: a review. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 21(5), 401-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2100
  • Alcay, S., Cakmak, S., Cakmak, I., Mulkpinar, E., Toker, M. B., Ustuner, B., Sen, H., & Nur, Z. (2019). Drone semen cryopreservation with protein supplemented TL-Hepes based extender. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(4), 553-557.
  • Alvarez, J. G., & Storey, B. T. (1995). Differential incorporation of fatty acids into and peroxidative loss of fatty acids from phospholipids of human spermatozoa. Molecular reproduction and development, 42(3), 334-346. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080420311
  • Biswas, T. K., Pandit, S., Mondal, S., Biswas, S. K., Jana, U., Ghosh, T., Tripathi, P.C., Debnath, P.K., Auddy, R.G., & Auddy, B. (2010). Clinical evaluation of spermatogenic activity of processed Shilajit in oligospermia. Andrologia, 42(1), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00956.x
  • Carrasco-Gallardo, C., Guzmán, L., & Maccioni, R. B. (2012). Shilajit: a natural phytocomplex with potential procognitive activity. International Journal of Alzheimer’s disease, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/674142
  • Cobey, S. W. (2007). Comparison studies of instrumentally inseminated and naturally mated honey bee queens and factors affecting their performance. Apidologie, 38(4), 390-410. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2007029
  • Cobey, S. W., Tarpy, D. R., & Woyke, J. (2013). Standard methods for instrumental insemination of Apis mellifera queens. Journal of Apicultural Research, 52(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.52.4.11
  • Danka, R. G., Rinderer, T. E., Hellmich, R. L., & Collins, A. M. (1986). Foraging population sizes of africanized and european honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies. Apidologie, 17(3), 193-202. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:19860301
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.G. & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191.
  • Ghosal, S. (1990). Chemistry of shilajit, an immunomodulatory Ayurvedic rasayan. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 62(7), 1285-1288. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199062071285
  • Gontarz, A., Banaszewska, D., Gryzinska, M., & Andraszek, K. (2016). Differences in drone sperm morphometry and activity at the beginning and end of the season. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 40(5), 598-602. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1511-6
  • Harbo, J.R. (1979). Storage of honey bee spermatozoa at -196°C. Journal of Apicultural Research, 18(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.1979.11099945
  • Harbo J.R (1981). Viability of honey bee eggs fromprogeny of frozen spermatozoa. J Apic Res, 74, 482–486. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/74.5.482
  • IBM Corp. (2011): IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY.
  • Kumar, S., Kumar, A., Singh, A. K., Honparkhe, M., Singh, P., & Malhotra, P. (2018). Improvement in post-thaw semen quality by minimizing the lipid peroxidation following herbal treatment in sub fertile buffalo bulls. The Pharma Innovation, 7(5), 240-244.
  • Kreuter, J., Shamenkov, D., Petrov, V., Ramge, P., Cychutek, K., Koch-Brandt, C., & Alyautdin, R. (2002). Apolipoprotein-mediated transport of nanoparticle-bound drugs across the blood-brain barrier. Journal of drug targeting, 10(4), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611860290031877
  • Liu, Q., Wang, X., Wang, W., Zhang, X., Xu, S., Ma, D., ... & Li, J. (2015). Effect of the addition of six antioxidants on sperm motility, membrane integrity and mitochondrial function in red seabream (Pagrus major) sperm cryopreservation. Fish physiology and biochemistry, 41, 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-9993-9
  • Mishra, R. K., Jain, A., & Singh, S. K. (2018). Profertility effects of Shilajit on cadmium‐induced infertility in male mice. Andrologia, 50(8), e13064. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13064
  • Park, J. S., Kim, G. Y., & Han, K. (2006). The spermatogenic and ovogenic effects of chronically administered Shilajit to rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 107(3), 349-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.039
  • Petruska, P., Capcarova, M., & Sutovsky, P. (2014). Antioxidant supplementation and purification of semen for improved artificial insemination in livestock species. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 38(6), 643-652. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1404-61
  • Rousseau, A., & Giovenazzo, P. (2016). Optimizing drone fertility with spring nutritional supplements to honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Journal of economic entomology, 109(3), 1009-1014. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tow056
  • Stohs, S. J. (2014). Safety and efficacy of shilajit (mumie, moomiyo). Phytotherapy research, 28(4), 475-479. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5018
  • Sultan, J., Awan, M. A., Rakha, B. A., Waqar, S. A., Ansari, M. S., Naz, S., Iqbal. S., & Akhter, S. (2021). Asphaltum Improves the Post-thaw Quality and Antioxidant Status of Nili Ravi Buffalo Bull Sperm. Biopreservation and Biobanking, 19(3), 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1089/bio.2020.0033
  • Taylor, M. A., Guzmán-Novoa, E., Morfin, N., & Buhr, M. M. (2009). Improving viability of cryopreserved honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) sperm with selected diluents, cryoprotectants, and semen dilution ratios. Theriogenology, 72(2), 149-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.02.012
  • Tekin N (1994): Spermanın muayenesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon, Sun’i Tohumlama, Doğum ve İnfertilite (Alaçam A, ed.). Dizgievi, Konya, Turkey. 67-79.
  • Tremellen, K. (2008). Oxidative stress and male infertility—a clinical perspective. Human reproduction update, 14(3), 243-258. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmn004
  • Tripathi, Y. B., Shukla, S., Chaurasia, S., & Chaturvedi, S. (1996). Antilipid peroxidative property of Shilajit. Phytotherapy Research, 10(3), 269-270. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199605)10:3<269::AID-PTR817>3.0.CO;2-3
  • Xiao, Y., Wu, Z., & Wang, M. (2018). Effects of fulvic acids on goat sperm. Zygote, 26(3), 220-223. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967199418000126
  • Wegener, J., May, T., Knollmann, U., Kamp, G., Müller, K., & Bienefeld, K. (2012). In vivo validation of in vitro quality tests for cryopreserved honey bee semen. Cryobiology, 65(2), 126-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.04.010
  • Weirich, G. F., Collins, A. M., & Williams, V. P. (2002). Antioxidant enzymes in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Apidologie, 33(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2001001

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 235 - 241, 25.03.2024

Arda Onur Özkök Murat Selcuk

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23

Abstract

References

  • Agarwal, S. P., Khanna, R., Karmarkar, R., Anwer, M. K., & Khar, R. K. (2007). Shilajit: a review. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 21(5), 401-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2100
  • Alcay, S., Cakmak, S., Cakmak, I., Mulkpinar, E., Toker, M. B., Ustuner, B., Sen, H., & Nur, Z. (2019). Drone semen cryopreservation with protein supplemented TL-Hepes based extender. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(4), 553-557.
  • Alvarez, J. G., & Storey, B. T. (1995). Differential incorporation of fatty acids into and peroxidative loss of fatty acids from phospholipids of human spermatozoa. Molecular reproduction and development, 42(3), 334-346. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080420311
  • Biswas, T. K., Pandit, S., Mondal, S., Biswas, S. K., Jana, U., Ghosh, T., Tripathi, P.C., Debnath, P.K., Auddy, R.G., & Auddy, B. (2010). Clinical evaluation of spermatogenic activity of processed Shilajit in oligospermia. Andrologia, 42(1), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00956.x
  • Carrasco-Gallardo, C., Guzmán, L., & Maccioni, R. B. (2012). Shilajit: a natural phytocomplex with potential procognitive activity. International Journal of Alzheimer’s disease, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/674142
  • Cobey, S. W. (2007). Comparison studies of instrumentally inseminated and naturally mated honey bee queens and factors affecting their performance. Apidologie, 38(4), 390-410. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2007029
  • Cobey, S. W., Tarpy, D. R., & Woyke, J. (2013). Standard methods for instrumental insemination of Apis mellifera queens. Journal of Apicultural Research, 52(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.52.4.11
  • Danka, R. G., Rinderer, T. E., Hellmich, R. L., & Collins, A. M. (1986). Foraging population sizes of africanized and european honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies. Apidologie, 17(3), 193-202. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:19860301
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.G. & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191.
  • Ghosal, S. (1990). Chemistry of shilajit, an immunomodulatory Ayurvedic rasayan. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 62(7), 1285-1288. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199062071285
  • Gontarz, A., Banaszewska, D., Gryzinska, M., & Andraszek, K. (2016). Differences in drone sperm morphometry and activity at the beginning and end of the season. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 40(5), 598-602. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1511-6
  • Harbo, J.R. (1979). Storage of honey bee spermatozoa at -196°C. Journal of Apicultural Research, 18(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.1979.11099945
  • Harbo J.R (1981). Viability of honey bee eggs fromprogeny of frozen spermatozoa. J Apic Res, 74, 482–486. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/74.5.482
  • IBM Corp. (2011): IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY.
  • Kumar, S., Kumar, A., Singh, A. K., Honparkhe, M., Singh, P., & Malhotra, P. (2018). Improvement in post-thaw semen quality by minimizing the lipid peroxidation following herbal treatment in sub fertile buffalo bulls. The Pharma Innovation, 7(5), 240-244.
  • Kreuter, J., Shamenkov, D., Petrov, V., Ramge, P., Cychutek, K., Koch-Brandt, C., & Alyautdin, R. (2002). Apolipoprotein-mediated transport of nanoparticle-bound drugs across the blood-brain barrier. Journal of drug targeting, 10(4), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611860290031877
  • Liu, Q., Wang, X., Wang, W., Zhang, X., Xu, S., Ma, D., ... & Li, J. (2015). Effect of the addition of six antioxidants on sperm motility, membrane integrity and mitochondrial function in red seabream (Pagrus major) sperm cryopreservation. Fish physiology and biochemistry, 41, 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-9993-9
  • Mishra, R. K., Jain, A., & Singh, S. K. (2018). Profertility effects of Shilajit on cadmium‐induced infertility in male mice. Andrologia, 50(8), e13064. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13064
  • Park, J. S., Kim, G. Y., & Han, K. (2006). The spermatogenic and ovogenic effects of chronically administered Shilajit to rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 107(3), 349-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.039
  • Petruska, P., Capcarova, M., & Sutovsky, P. (2014). Antioxidant supplementation and purification of semen for improved artificial insemination in livestock species. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 38(6), 643-652. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1404-61
  • Rousseau, A., & Giovenazzo, P. (2016). Optimizing drone fertility with spring nutritional supplements to honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Journal of economic entomology, 109(3), 1009-1014. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tow056
  • Stohs, S. J. (2014). Safety and efficacy of shilajit (mumie, moomiyo). Phytotherapy research, 28(4), 475-479. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5018
  • Sultan, J., Awan, M. A., Rakha, B. A., Waqar, S. A., Ansari, M. S., Naz, S., Iqbal. S., & Akhter, S. (2021). Asphaltum Improves the Post-thaw Quality and Antioxidant Status of Nili Ravi Buffalo Bull Sperm. Biopreservation and Biobanking, 19(3), 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1089/bio.2020.0033
  • Taylor, M. A., Guzmán-Novoa, E., Morfin, N., & Buhr, M. M. (2009). Improving viability of cryopreserved honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) sperm with selected diluents, cryoprotectants, and semen dilution ratios. Theriogenology, 72(2), 149-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.02.012
  • Tekin N (1994): Spermanın muayenesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon, Sun’i Tohumlama, Doğum ve İnfertilite (Alaçam A, ed.). Dizgievi, Konya, Turkey. 67-79.
  • Tremellen, K. (2008). Oxidative stress and male infertility—a clinical perspective. Human reproduction update, 14(3), 243-258. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmn004
  • Tripathi, Y. B., Shukla, S., Chaurasia, S., & Chaturvedi, S. (1996). Antilipid peroxidative property of Shilajit. Phytotherapy Research, 10(3), 269-270. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199605)10:3<269::AID-PTR817>3.0.CO;2-3
  • Xiao, Y., Wu, Z., & Wang, M. (2018). Effects of fulvic acids on goat sperm. Zygote, 26(3), 220-223. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967199418000126
  • Wegener, J., May, T., Knollmann, U., Kamp, G., Müller, K., & Bienefeld, K. (2012). In vivo validation of in vitro quality tests for cryopreserved honey bee semen. Cryobiology, 65(2), 126-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.04.010
  • Weirich, G. F., Collins, A. M., & Williams, V. P. (2002). Antioxidant enzymes in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Apidologie, 33(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2001001
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Medicine
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Arda Onur Özkök 0000-0001-9932-3608

Murat Selcuk 0000-0003-1371-6297

Publication Date March 25, 2024
Submission Date December 19, 2023
Acceptance Date March 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özkök, A. O., & Selcuk, M. (2024). Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 8(1), 235-241. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23
AMA Özkök AO, Selcuk M. Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. March 2024;8(1):235-241. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23
Chicago Özkök, Arda Onur, and Murat Selcuk. “Effects of Shilajit Addition to Honey Bee Diet on Semen Freezing”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 8, no. 1 (March 2024): 235-41. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23.
EndNote Özkök AO, Selcuk M (March 1, 2024) Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 8 1 235–241.
IEEE A. O. Özkök and M. Selcuk, “Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing”, int. j. agric. environ. food sci., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 235–241, 2024, doi: 10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23.
ISNAD Özkök, Arda Onur - Selcuk, Murat. “Effects of Shilajit Addition to Honey Bee Diet on Semen Freezing”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 8/1 (March 2024), 235-241. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23.
JAMA Özkök AO, Selcuk M. Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2024;8:235–241.
MLA Özkök, Arda Onur and Murat Selcuk. “Effects of Shilajit Addition to Honey Bee Diet on Semen Freezing”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, 2024, pp. 235-41, doi:10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.23.
Vancouver Özkök AO, Selcuk M. Effects of shilajit addition to honey bee diet on semen freezing. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2024;8(1):235-41.
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