Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 140 - 151, 30.12.2022

İlker Temizer Ayşegül Arı

https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1150240

Abstract

In this study, the long-term endurance tests were carried out in a diesel engine that used diesel and 90% diesel + 10% bioethanol fuels. The spray and temperature distributions of two different fuels in the AVL FIRE program also were examined. Tribological and morphological analysis of piston rings were investigated in a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine using two different fuel types. The test engine used two different fuel types and was operated for approximately 110 hours under part engine load. Renewed rings in each fuelled engine operation were analyzed at Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results were also compared with the non-worked piston ring. Analysis results saw that abrasive wear was more intense on the first rings at both fuel types. Examining the effect of biofuels on engine wears, short wear lines were found at engine rings using diesel/bioethanol blend fuel compared to diesel fuel. It was being determined that this situation was a result of combustion parameters (such as pressure, and temperature) created with the different fuels used in diesel engines. As a result, that bioethanol has a content of low carbon (C) compared to diesel fuel, making a positive contribution to the reduction of ring wear.

Keywords

Bioethanol long-term endurance tests engine tribology wear SEM/EDX

Supporting Institution

SİVAS CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Project Number

TEKNO-030

Thanks

This study was supported by TEKNO.030 project number of Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects Unit (CÜBAP).

References

  • Patel, C. et. al., Comparative compression ignition engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics, and trace metals in particulates from Waste cooking oil, Jatropha and Karanja oil derived biodiesels, Fuel, 236, 1366-1376, 2019.
  • Adıgüzel, A. O., General Characteristics and Necessary Feedstock Sources for The Production of Bioethanol, BEÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi BEU Journal, 204-220, 2013.
  • İ. Sezer, Experımental ınvestıgatıon the effects of ethanol and dıethyl ether addıtıon ınto dıesel fuel on engıne performance and exhaust emıssıons, J. of Thermal Science and Technology, 37, 1, 61-68, 2017.
  • Paul A., Bose P. K., Panua R., Debroy D., Study of performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder CI engine using diethyl ether and ethanol blends, Journal of the Energy Institute, 88, 1-10, 2015.
  • Tamilvanan A., Balamurugan K., Ashok B., Selvakumar P., Dhamotharan S., Bharathiraja, M., Karthickeyan, V., Effect of diethyl ether and ethanol as an oxygenated additive on Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel in CI engine, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 33880-33898, 2020.
  • Turner D., Xu H., Cracknell R. F., Natarajan V., Chen X., Combustion performance of bio-ethanol at various blend ratios in a gasoline direct injection engine, Fuel, 90, 1999–2006, 2011.
  • Chen R., Okazumi R., Nishida K., Effect of Ethanol Ratio on Ignition and Combustion of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Spray in DISI Engine-Like Condition, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 8, 2, 264-276, 2015.
  • Nagdeote D., Deshmukh M., Experimental Study of Diethyl Ether and Ethanol Additives with Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Engine, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 2, 3, 2012.
  • Guido, C., Beatrice, C. ve Napolitano, P., Application of bioethanol/RME/diesel blend in a Euro5 automotive diesel engine: Potentiality of closed loop combustion control technology, Applied Energy, 102, 13-23, 2013.
  • https://msdspds.castrol.com/bpglis/FusionPDS.nsf/Files/2A2A5EA25F6E704E80258408003E5D7E/$File/bpxe-bcm5k9.pdf, 28.11.2021.
  • Rakopoulos D. C., Giakoumis E. G., Dimaratos A. M., Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends, Energy, 43, 214-224, 2012.
  • Kwanchareon P., Luengnaruemitchai, A. ve Jai-In, S., Solubility of a diesel biodiesel- ethanol blend, its fuel properties, and its emission characteristics from diesel engine, Fuel, 86 (7-8), 1053-1061, 2007.
  • Roy M. M., Calder, J., Wang, W., Mangad, A. ve Diniz, F. C. M., Cold start idle emissions from a modern Tier-4 turbo-charged diesel engine fueled with diesel biodiesel, diesel-biodiesel-ethanol, and diesel-biodiesel-diethyl ether blends, Applied Energy, 180, 52-65, 2016.
  • Mofijur M., Rasul, M. G., Hyde, J., Azad, A. K., Mamat, R. ve Bhuiya, M. M. K., Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel-biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol biodiesel- diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction, Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53, 265-278, 2016.
  • Malik M.A.I., Usman, M., Hayat, N., Zubair, S.W.H., Bashir, R., and Ahmed, E., Experimental evaluation of methanol gasoline fuel blend on performance, emissions and lubricant oil deterioration in SI engine. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 1-17, 2021.
  • Temizer İ., Cihan O., Eskici B., Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of biodiesel/diesel fuel on combustion characteristics in CI engine, Volume 270, 117523, 2020.
  • Vikram K., A.K. Avinash, Friction, Wear, and Lubrication Studies of Alcohol-Fuelled Engines, Advances in Engine Tribology, 9-29, 2021.
  • Gulzar M., et.al., Effects of biodiesel blends on lubricating oil degradation and piston assembly energy losses, Energy, 111, 713-721, 2016.
  • Kurre SK, Garg R, Pandey S, A review of biofuel generated contamination, engine oil degradation and engine wear. Biofuels, 8(2), 273-280, 2017.
  • Agarwal A. K., Bijwe, J. ve Das, L. M., Wear assessment in a biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 125, 820-826, 2003.
  • Suthisripok T., Semsamran, P., The impact of biodiesel B100 on a small agricultural diesel engine, Automotive Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Rangsit University, Thailand, 397-409, 2018.
  • Iliev S. A Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Blending with Gasoline Using a 1-D Engine Model. Procedia Engineering, 100:1013–1022, 2015.
  • Praptijantoa A., Muharama A, NuR A, Putrasari Y., Effect of ethanol percentage for diesel engine performance using virtual engine simulation tool. Energy Procedia, 68:345–354, 2015.
  • Mohan B, Yang W, Yu W, Tay KL, Chou SK., Numerical simulation on spray characteristics of ether fuels, Energy Procedia 205;75:919 – 924, 2015.
  • Soni DK, Gupta R., Numerical analysis of flow dynamics for two piston bowl designs at different spray angles. Journal of Cleaner Production, 149, 723–734, 2017. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.142.
  • Soni D.K., Gupta. R., Numerical investigation of emission reduction techniques applied on methanol blended diesel engine. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55, 1867–1879, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2016.02.019.
  • Temizer İ., Cihan Ö., Analysis of different combustion chamber geometries using hydrogen/diesel fuel in a diesel engine. Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental, 43, 17-34, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1811808.
  • Temizer İ., The combustion analysıs and wear effect of biodiesel fuel used in a diesel engine. Fuel, 270, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117571.
  • Rajak U, Nashineb P, Verma TN. Numerical study on emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-spirulina microalgae-ethanol blends at various operating conditions. Fuel, 262, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116519.
  • Asadi A, Kadijani ON, Doranehgard MH, Bozorg MV, Xiong Q, Shadloo MS, Li KB, Numerical study on the application of biodiesel and bioethanol in a multiple injection diesel engine. Renewable Energy, 150, 1019-1029, 2020.
  • Koca F., Zabun M., The effect of outlet location on heat transfer performance in micro pin-fin cooling used for a CPU, European Physical Journal Plus, 136, 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-02113-4.
  • Yüksel, T., Temizer, İ., Can, İ., Koca, F., Investigation of the Using Heated Bioethanol as a Dual Fuel in a Gasoline Engine, Fırat University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 31 (1), 67-77, 2019.
  • Hoang A.T., Pham, P.P., A study of emission characteristic, depoits, and lubrication oil degradation of a diesel engine running on preheated vegetable oil and diesel oil, 1556-7036, 2018.
  • Agarwal A.K., Dhar A., Karanja oil utilization in a direct-injection engine by preheating. Part 2: experimental investigations of engine durability and lubricating oil properties. Proc IMechE Part D: J Automobile Eng 224 (1),85–97, 2009.
  • Agarwal A.K., Dhar A., Wear, durability, and lubricating oil performance of a straight vegetable oil (Karanja) blend fueled direct injection compression ignition engine. J Renew Sust Energy 4 (6), 063138, 2012.
  • Dhar A., Agarwal A.K., Experimental investigations of effect of Karanja biodiesel on tribological properties of lubricating oil in a compression ignition engine. Fuel, 130, 112–9, 2014.
  • Singh S.K., Agarwal A.K., Srivastava D.K., Sharma M., Experimental investigations of the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on lubricating oil degradation and wear of a compression ignition engine. ASME J Eng Gas Turbines 128, 921–7, 2006.
  • Gopal K.N., Raj R.T.K, Effect of Pongamia oil methyl ester–diesel blend on lubricating oil degradation of di compression ignition engine, Fuel 165 105–114, 2016.
  • Soukayna Z., Mohammed M., Jamal N., Physicochemical Characterization of the Synthetic Lubricating Oils Degradation under the Effect of Vehicle Engine Operation, Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry 13 (4), 2018.
  • Jayaprabakar J., Anish M., Beemkumar N., Mathew A., George A. A., Effect of diethyl ether blended with neem oil methyl esters in CI engine, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 40, 116-118, 2017.

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 140 - 151, 30.12.2022

İlker Temizer Ayşegül Arı

https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1150240

Abstract

Keywords

wear SEM/EDX

Project Number

TEKNO-030

References

  • Patel, C. et. al., Comparative compression ignition engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics, and trace metals in particulates from Waste cooking oil, Jatropha and Karanja oil derived biodiesels, Fuel, 236, 1366-1376, 2019.
  • Adıgüzel, A. O., General Characteristics and Necessary Feedstock Sources for The Production of Bioethanol, BEÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi BEU Journal, 204-220, 2013.
  • İ. Sezer, Experımental ınvestıgatıon the effects of ethanol and dıethyl ether addıtıon ınto dıesel fuel on engıne performance and exhaust emıssıons, J. of Thermal Science and Technology, 37, 1, 61-68, 2017.
  • Paul A., Bose P. K., Panua R., Debroy D., Study of performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder CI engine using diethyl ether and ethanol blends, Journal of the Energy Institute, 88, 1-10, 2015.
  • Tamilvanan A., Balamurugan K., Ashok B., Selvakumar P., Dhamotharan S., Bharathiraja, M., Karthickeyan, V., Effect of diethyl ether and ethanol as an oxygenated additive on Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel in CI engine, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 33880-33898, 2020.
  • Turner D., Xu H., Cracknell R. F., Natarajan V., Chen X., Combustion performance of bio-ethanol at various blend ratios in a gasoline direct injection engine, Fuel, 90, 1999–2006, 2011.
  • Chen R., Okazumi R., Nishida K., Effect of Ethanol Ratio on Ignition and Combustion of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Spray in DISI Engine-Like Condition, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 8, 2, 264-276, 2015.
  • Nagdeote D., Deshmukh M., Experimental Study of Diethyl Ether and Ethanol Additives with Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Engine, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 2, 3, 2012.
  • Guido, C., Beatrice, C. ve Napolitano, P., Application of bioethanol/RME/diesel blend in a Euro5 automotive diesel engine: Potentiality of closed loop combustion control technology, Applied Energy, 102, 13-23, 2013.
  • https://msdspds.castrol.com/bpglis/FusionPDS.nsf/Files/2A2A5EA25F6E704E80258408003E5D7E/$File/bpxe-bcm5k9.pdf, 28.11.2021.
  • Rakopoulos D. C., Giakoumis E. G., Dimaratos A. M., Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends, Energy, 43, 214-224, 2012.
  • Kwanchareon P., Luengnaruemitchai, A. ve Jai-In, S., Solubility of a diesel biodiesel- ethanol blend, its fuel properties, and its emission characteristics from diesel engine, Fuel, 86 (7-8), 1053-1061, 2007.
  • Roy M. M., Calder, J., Wang, W., Mangad, A. ve Diniz, F. C. M., Cold start idle emissions from a modern Tier-4 turbo-charged diesel engine fueled with diesel biodiesel, diesel-biodiesel-ethanol, and diesel-biodiesel-diethyl ether blends, Applied Energy, 180, 52-65, 2016.
  • Mofijur M., Rasul, M. G., Hyde, J., Azad, A. K., Mamat, R. ve Bhuiya, M. M. K., Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel-biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol biodiesel- diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction, Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53, 265-278, 2016.
  • Malik M.A.I., Usman, M., Hayat, N., Zubair, S.W.H., Bashir, R., and Ahmed, E., Experimental evaluation of methanol gasoline fuel blend on performance, emissions and lubricant oil deterioration in SI engine. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 1-17, 2021.
  • Temizer İ., Cihan O., Eskici B., Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of biodiesel/diesel fuel on combustion characteristics in CI engine, Volume 270, 117523, 2020.
  • Vikram K., A.K. Avinash, Friction, Wear, and Lubrication Studies of Alcohol-Fuelled Engines, Advances in Engine Tribology, 9-29, 2021.
  • Gulzar M., et.al., Effects of biodiesel blends on lubricating oil degradation and piston assembly energy losses, Energy, 111, 713-721, 2016.
  • Kurre SK, Garg R, Pandey S, A review of biofuel generated contamination, engine oil degradation and engine wear. Biofuels, 8(2), 273-280, 2017.
  • Agarwal A. K., Bijwe, J. ve Das, L. M., Wear assessment in a biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 125, 820-826, 2003.
  • Suthisripok T., Semsamran, P., The impact of biodiesel B100 on a small agricultural diesel engine, Automotive Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Rangsit University, Thailand, 397-409, 2018.
  • Iliev S. A Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Blending with Gasoline Using a 1-D Engine Model. Procedia Engineering, 100:1013–1022, 2015.
  • Praptijantoa A., Muharama A, NuR A, Putrasari Y., Effect of ethanol percentage for diesel engine performance using virtual engine simulation tool. Energy Procedia, 68:345–354, 2015.
  • Mohan B, Yang W, Yu W, Tay KL, Chou SK., Numerical simulation on spray characteristics of ether fuels, Energy Procedia 205;75:919 – 924, 2015.
  • Soni DK, Gupta R., Numerical analysis of flow dynamics for two piston bowl designs at different spray angles. Journal of Cleaner Production, 149, 723–734, 2017. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.142.
  • Soni D.K., Gupta. R., Numerical investigation of emission reduction techniques applied on methanol blended diesel engine. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55, 1867–1879, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2016.02.019.
  • Temizer İ., Cihan Ö., Analysis of different combustion chamber geometries using hydrogen/diesel fuel in a diesel engine. Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental, 43, 17-34, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1811808.
  • Temizer İ., The combustion analysıs and wear effect of biodiesel fuel used in a diesel engine. Fuel, 270, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117571.
  • Rajak U, Nashineb P, Verma TN. Numerical study on emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-spirulina microalgae-ethanol blends at various operating conditions. Fuel, 262, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116519.
  • Asadi A, Kadijani ON, Doranehgard MH, Bozorg MV, Xiong Q, Shadloo MS, Li KB, Numerical study on the application of biodiesel and bioethanol in a multiple injection diesel engine. Renewable Energy, 150, 1019-1029, 2020.
  • Koca F., Zabun M., The effect of outlet location on heat transfer performance in micro pin-fin cooling used for a CPU, European Physical Journal Plus, 136, 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-02113-4.
  • Yüksel, T., Temizer, İ., Can, İ., Koca, F., Investigation of the Using Heated Bioethanol as a Dual Fuel in a Gasoline Engine, Fırat University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 31 (1), 67-77, 2019.
  • Hoang A.T., Pham, P.P., A study of emission characteristic, depoits, and lubrication oil degradation of a diesel engine running on preheated vegetable oil and diesel oil, 1556-7036, 2018.
  • Agarwal A.K., Dhar A., Karanja oil utilization in a direct-injection engine by preheating. Part 2: experimental investigations of engine durability and lubricating oil properties. Proc IMechE Part D: J Automobile Eng 224 (1),85–97, 2009.
  • Agarwal A.K., Dhar A., Wear, durability, and lubricating oil performance of a straight vegetable oil (Karanja) blend fueled direct injection compression ignition engine. J Renew Sust Energy 4 (6), 063138, 2012.
  • Dhar A., Agarwal A.K., Experimental investigations of effect of Karanja biodiesel on tribological properties of lubricating oil in a compression ignition engine. Fuel, 130, 112–9, 2014.
  • Singh S.K., Agarwal A.K., Srivastava D.K., Sharma M., Experimental investigations of the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on lubricating oil degradation and wear of a compression ignition engine. ASME J Eng Gas Turbines 128, 921–7, 2006.
  • Gopal K.N., Raj R.T.K, Effect of Pongamia oil methyl ester–diesel blend on lubricating oil degradation of di compression ignition engine, Fuel 165 105–114, 2016.
  • Soukayna Z., Mohammed M., Jamal N., Physicochemical Characterization of the Synthetic Lubricating Oils Degradation under the Effect of Vehicle Engine Operation, Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry 13 (4), 2018.
  • Jayaprabakar J., Anish M., Beemkumar N., Mathew A., George A. A., Effect of diethyl ether blended with neem oil methyl esters in CI engine, International Journal of Ambient Energy, 40, 116-118, 2017.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Article
Authors

İlker Temizer 0000-0003-1170-3898

Ayşegül Arı This is me 0000-0003-0194-9376

Project Number TEKNO-030
Publication Date December 30, 2022
Submission Date July 28, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Temizer, İ., & Arı, A. (2022). Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 11(4), 140-151. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1150240
AMA Temizer İ, Arı A. Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. December 2022;11(4):140-151. doi:10.18245/ijaet.1150240
Chicago Temizer, İlker, and Ayşegül Arı. “Effects on Ring Wear of bioethanol/Diesel Fuel Blends Used at Long Term Endurance Tests in a DI Engine”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11, no. 4 (December 2022): 140-51. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1150240.
EndNote Temizer İ, Arı A (December 1, 2022) Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11 4 140–151.
IEEE İ. Temizer and A. Arı, “Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine”, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 140–151, 2022, doi: 10.18245/ijaet.1150240.
ISNAD Temizer, İlker - Arı, Ayşegül. “Effects on Ring Wear of bioethanol/Diesel Fuel Blends Used at Long Term Endurance Tests in a DI Engine”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 11/4 (December 2022), 140-151. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.1150240.
JAMA Temizer İ, Arı A. Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2022;11:140–151.
MLA Temizer, İlker and Ayşegül Arı. “Effects on Ring Wear of bioethanol/Diesel Fuel Blends Used at Long Term Endurance Tests in a DI Engine”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 11, no. 4, 2022, pp. 140-51, doi:10.18245/ijaet.1150240.
Vancouver Temizer İ, Arı A. Effects on ring wear of bioethanol/diesel fuel blends used at long term endurance tests in a DI engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2022;11(4):140-51.
 Download Cover Image