Research Article
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The Effects of Stocking Density on Performance and Slaughter Traits in Guinea Fowls

Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 1, 47 - 56, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1077121

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the growth performance, feed intake, slaughter and carcass traits of guinea fowls reared at three different stocking densities.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out with a total of 252 guinea fowls reared in three different stocking densities (6.6, 9.3, 12 guinea fowls per m2) in the closed-barn system. The body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were determined at the day-old, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 13 weeks of age. Slaughter and carcass traits were determined at 13 weeks.
Results: In the study, lower body weight was determined in the high stocking density group at the 6th week and onwards. Cumulative feed intake was higher in guinea fowls reared at low stocking density after the 4th week. However, the feed conversion ratio was higher in the low stocking density group at the 6th week and onwards. There was no significant effect of stocking density on slaughter and carcass weights and percentages.
Conclusion: Stocking density significantly affected body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality, however did not affect slaughter and carcass traits in guinea fowls at 13 weeks of age. Our study results showed that the most economical production in terms of growth performance and production costs can be achieved with 9-10 guinea fowl per unit area. However, for alternative poultry species such as guinea fowl, further studies are needed to show the effects of production in closed-barn systems, which are very different from their natural habitats, on the welfare status and natural behavioral characteristics

References

  • Abudabos AM, Samara EM, Hussein EOS, Al‑Ghadi MQ, Al‑Atiyat R.M, 2013. Impacts of stocking density on thee performance and welfare of broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science,12, 66 – 71.
  • Alkan S, Durmuş İ, 2015. Alternative poultry breeding: guinea fowl breeding. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science And Technology, 3(10), 806-810.
  • Alkan S, Karslı T, Durmuş İ, Karabağ K, 2016. The effects of egg shape index on egg quality traits of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science And Technology, 4(9), 758-762.
  • Bernacki Z, Kokoszynski D, Bawej M, 2013. Laying performance, egg quality and hatching results in two guinea fowl genotypes. Archiv fur Geflugelkunde, 77, 109-115.
  • Boz MA, Sarıca M, Yamak US, Öz F, 2020. Effects of Production System (Free-Range and Intensive) and Carcass Parts (Breast and Thigh) on Nutrient and Fatty Acid Composition of Guinea Fowl, Pheasant and Partridges. Journal of Poultry Research, 17(2), 102-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34233/jpr.851130.
  • Boz MA, Öz F, Sarıca M, Yamak US, 2021. Effect of production system (intensive and free-range), and slaughter age on chemical and fatty acid composition of meat in guinea fowl. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 349-361. DOI: 10.29050/harranziraat.886982.
  • Dozier WA III, Thaxton JP, Branton SL, Mogan GW, Miles DM, Roush WB, Lott BD, Vizzier-Thaxton Y, 2005. Stocking density effects on growth performance and processing yields of heavy broilers. Poultry Science, 84,1332–1338.
  • Eleroğlu H, Yıldırım A, Duman M, Canikli A, 2016. Organik sistemde kuru kekik (Origanum vulgare L.) yaprağı ilave edilmiş karma yemle beslenen beç tavuklarının (Numida meleagris) büyüme performansı ve karkas özellikleri. Ulusal Kümes Hayvanşarı Kongresi, 5-8 Ekim, Samsun, Türkiye. 410-424. Estevez I, 2007. Density allowances for broilers: Where to set the line. Poultry Science, 86, 1265–1272.
  • Feddes JJR, Emmanuel EJ, Zuidhof MJ, 2002. Broiler performance, bodyweight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities. Poultry Science, 81, 774–779.
  • Hughes BL, Jones JE, 1980. Diet regimes for growing guineas as meat birds. Poultry Science, 59:582–584.
  • Kokoszynski D, Bernacki Z, Korytkowska H, Wilkanowska A, Piotrowska K, 2011. Effect of age and sex on slaughter value of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). J. Cent. Europ. Agr., 12, 255–266.
  • Konlan SP, Avornyo FK, Karbo N, Sulleyman A, 2011. Increasing guinea fowl eggs availability and hatchability in the dry season. Journal of World’s Poultry Research, 1, 1-3.
  • Madzimure J, Saina H, Ngorora GPK, 2011. Market potential for guinea fowl (Numidia meleagris) products. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 43,1509-1515. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9835-z Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Amenyenu A, Wright D, 2005. Effect of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea breiters. Poultry Science, 84, 337-344
  • Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Amenyenu A., Tyus II J, Wright D, 2009. The effect of floor density on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea broilers. Poultry Science, 88, 2461–2467. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00514.
  • Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Wright D, 2011. Effect of floor density on growth performance of Pearl Grey guinea fowl replacement pullets. Poultry Science, 90, 1371–1378. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01216.
  • Sarıca M, Ocak N, Karacay N, Yamak US, Kop C, Altop A, 2009. Growth, slaughter and gastrointestinal tract traits of three turkey genotypes under barn and free-range housing systems. British Poultry Science, 50, 487–494.
  • Oke OE, Oso A, Iyasere OS, Adebowale T, Akanji T, Odusami O, Udehi S, Daramola JO, 2020. Growth performance and physiological responses of helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) to different stocking densities in humid tropical environment. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica, 53(1), 5–12. DOI: 10.2478/ats-2020-0001.
  • Özdamar K, 2002. Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi I. 4. baskı, Kaan Kitabevi, Eskişehir.
  • Petek M, 2004. Bilinmeyen bir ürün: beç tavuğu. Uludag Univ. J. Fac. Vet. Med. 23, 1-2-3: 127-129.
  • Sarıca M, Ocak N, Turhan S, Kop C, Yamak US, 2011. Evaluation of meat quality from 3 turkey genotypes reared with or without outdoor access. Poultry Science, 90, 1313-1323.
  • Sarıca M, Boz MA, Yamak US, Uçar A, 2019. Effect of production system and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl: Meat quality and digestive traits. South African Journal of Animal Science 2019, 49 (1), 192 - 199. doi:10.4314/sajas.v49i1.22
  • Şekeroğlu A, Burucu E, Duman M, 2019. Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) breeding. 1st International Congress of Alternative Poultry and Ornamental Birds, 8-10 November, Antalya, Türkiye. 62-71.
  • Tjetjoo SU, Moreki JC, Nsoso SJ, Madibela OR, 2013. Growth performance of guinea fowl fed diets containing yellow maize, millet and white sorghum as energy sources and raised under ıntensive system. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 12, 306– 312.
  • Wang XL, Zheng JX, Ning ZH, Qu LJ, Xu GY, Yang N, 2009. Laying performance and egg quality of blueshelled layers as affected by different housing systems. Poultry Science, 88, 1485 – 1492.
  • Yamak US, Sarıca M, Boz MA, Uçar A, 2016. The effect of production system (barn and free-range), slaughtering age and gender on carcass traits and meat quality of partridges (Alectoris chukar). British Poultry Science, 57(2), 185-192. DOI:10.1080/00071668.2016.1144920.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A, 2018. Effect of production system (barn and free range) and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl. Poultry Science, 97, 47–53. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex265
  • Yıldırım A, 2009. Etlik beç tavuklarının beslenmesi. Hayvansal Üretim, 50 (2), 60-65.

Beç Tavuklarında Yerleşim Sıklığının Büyüme, Kesim ve Karkas Özelliklerine Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 63 Issue: 1, 47 - 56, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1077121

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üç farklı yerleşim sıklığında yetiştirilen beç tavuklarının büyüme performansı, yem tüketimi, kesim ve karkas özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma kapalı yetiştirme sisteminde üç farklı yerleşim sıklığında (m2’de 6.6, m2’de 9.3, m2’de 12 beç tavuğu) yetiştirilen toplamda 252 beç tavuğu ile yürütülmüştür. Günlük yaşta, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ve 13. haftalarda canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı belirlenmiştir. Kesim ve karkas özellikleri 13. haftada tespit edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmada 6. hafta ve sonrasında yüksek yerleşim sıklığına sahip grupta daha düşük canlı ağırlık tespit edilmiştir. Kümülatif yem tüketimi 4. haftadan sonra düşük yerleşim sıklığında yetiştirilen beç tavuklarında daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte yemden yaralanma oranı ise 6. hafta ve sonrasında düşük yerleşim sıklığı grubunda daha yüksek belirlenmiştir. Kesim ve karkas ağırlıkları ve oranları üzerine ise yerleşim sıklığının önemli bir etkisi tespit edilmemiştir.
Sonuç: Yerleşim sıklığının 13 haftalık kesim yaşındaki beç tavuklarında canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve ölüm oranı üzerine önemli etkisi olduğu, kesim ve karkas özelliklerini ise etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Büyüme performansı ve üretim maliyetleri bakımından en ekonomik yetiştiriciliğin birim alanda 9-10 beç tavuğu ile sağlanabileceği söylenebilir. Ancak beç tavuğu gibi alternatif kanatlı türleri için doğal yaşam alanlarından çok farklı olan kapalı sistemlerde yetiştirmenin refah durumu ve doğal davranış özelliklerine etkilerini ortaya koyan ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.  

References

  • Abudabos AM, Samara EM, Hussein EOS, Al‑Ghadi MQ, Al‑Atiyat R.M, 2013. Impacts of stocking density on thee performance and welfare of broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science,12, 66 – 71.
  • Alkan S, Durmuş İ, 2015. Alternative poultry breeding: guinea fowl breeding. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science And Technology, 3(10), 806-810.
  • Alkan S, Karslı T, Durmuş İ, Karabağ K, 2016. The effects of egg shape index on egg quality traits of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science And Technology, 4(9), 758-762.
  • Bernacki Z, Kokoszynski D, Bawej M, 2013. Laying performance, egg quality and hatching results in two guinea fowl genotypes. Archiv fur Geflugelkunde, 77, 109-115.
  • Boz MA, Sarıca M, Yamak US, Öz F, 2020. Effects of Production System (Free-Range and Intensive) and Carcass Parts (Breast and Thigh) on Nutrient and Fatty Acid Composition of Guinea Fowl, Pheasant and Partridges. Journal of Poultry Research, 17(2), 102-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34233/jpr.851130.
  • Boz MA, Öz F, Sarıca M, Yamak US, 2021. Effect of production system (intensive and free-range), and slaughter age on chemical and fatty acid composition of meat in guinea fowl. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 349-361. DOI: 10.29050/harranziraat.886982.
  • Dozier WA III, Thaxton JP, Branton SL, Mogan GW, Miles DM, Roush WB, Lott BD, Vizzier-Thaxton Y, 2005. Stocking density effects on growth performance and processing yields of heavy broilers. Poultry Science, 84,1332–1338.
  • Eleroğlu H, Yıldırım A, Duman M, Canikli A, 2016. Organik sistemde kuru kekik (Origanum vulgare L.) yaprağı ilave edilmiş karma yemle beslenen beç tavuklarının (Numida meleagris) büyüme performansı ve karkas özellikleri. Ulusal Kümes Hayvanşarı Kongresi, 5-8 Ekim, Samsun, Türkiye. 410-424. Estevez I, 2007. Density allowances for broilers: Where to set the line. Poultry Science, 86, 1265–1272.
  • Feddes JJR, Emmanuel EJ, Zuidhof MJ, 2002. Broiler performance, bodyweight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities. Poultry Science, 81, 774–779.
  • Hughes BL, Jones JE, 1980. Diet regimes for growing guineas as meat birds. Poultry Science, 59:582–584.
  • Kokoszynski D, Bernacki Z, Korytkowska H, Wilkanowska A, Piotrowska K, 2011. Effect of age and sex on slaughter value of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). J. Cent. Europ. Agr., 12, 255–266.
  • Konlan SP, Avornyo FK, Karbo N, Sulleyman A, 2011. Increasing guinea fowl eggs availability and hatchability in the dry season. Journal of World’s Poultry Research, 1, 1-3.
  • Madzimure J, Saina H, Ngorora GPK, 2011. Market potential for guinea fowl (Numidia meleagris) products. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 43,1509-1515. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9835-z Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Amenyenu A, Wright D, 2005. Effect of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea breiters. Poultry Science, 84, 337-344
  • Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Amenyenu A., Tyus II J, Wright D, 2009. The effect of floor density on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea broilers. Poultry Science, 88, 2461–2467. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00514.
  • Nahashon SN, Adefope N, Wright D, 2011. Effect of floor density on growth performance of Pearl Grey guinea fowl replacement pullets. Poultry Science, 90, 1371–1378. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01216.
  • Sarıca M, Ocak N, Karacay N, Yamak US, Kop C, Altop A, 2009. Growth, slaughter and gastrointestinal tract traits of three turkey genotypes under barn and free-range housing systems. British Poultry Science, 50, 487–494.
  • Oke OE, Oso A, Iyasere OS, Adebowale T, Akanji T, Odusami O, Udehi S, Daramola JO, 2020. Growth performance and physiological responses of helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) to different stocking densities in humid tropical environment. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica, 53(1), 5–12. DOI: 10.2478/ats-2020-0001.
  • Özdamar K, 2002. Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi I. 4. baskı, Kaan Kitabevi, Eskişehir.
  • Petek M, 2004. Bilinmeyen bir ürün: beç tavuğu. Uludag Univ. J. Fac. Vet. Med. 23, 1-2-3: 127-129.
  • Sarıca M, Ocak N, Turhan S, Kop C, Yamak US, 2011. Evaluation of meat quality from 3 turkey genotypes reared with or without outdoor access. Poultry Science, 90, 1313-1323.
  • Sarıca M, Boz MA, Yamak US, Uçar A, 2019. Effect of production system and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl: Meat quality and digestive traits. South African Journal of Animal Science 2019, 49 (1), 192 - 199. doi:10.4314/sajas.v49i1.22
  • Şekeroğlu A, Burucu E, Duman M, 2019. Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) breeding. 1st International Congress of Alternative Poultry and Ornamental Birds, 8-10 November, Antalya, Türkiye. 62-71.
  • Tjetjoo SU, Moreki JC, Nsoso SJ, Madibela OR, 2013. Growth performance of guinea fowl fed diets containing yellow maize, millet and white sorghum as energy sources and raised under ıntensive system. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 12, 306– 312.
  • Wang XL, Zheng JX, Ning ZH, Qu LJ, Xu GY, Yang N, 2009. Laying performance and egg quality of blueshelled layers as affected by different housing systems. Poultry Science, 88, 1485 – 1492.
  • Yamak US, Sarıca M, Boz MA, Uçar A, 2016. The effect of production system (barn and free-range), slaughtering age and gender on carcass traits and meat quality of partridges (Alectoris chukar). British Poultry Science, 57(2), 185-192. DOI:10.1080/00071668.2016.1144920.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A, 2018. Effect of production system (barn and free range) and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl. Poultry Science, 97, 47–53. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex265
  • Yıldırım A, 2009. Etlik beç tavuklarının beslenmesi. Hayvansal Üretim, 50 (2), 60-65.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Akif Boz 0000-0002-7452-6895

Kadir Erensoy 0000-0002-7479-6203

Ahmet Uçar 0000-0002-0640-3965

Musa Sarıca 0000-0001-5331-0596

Publication Date July 1, 2022
Submission Date February 21, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 63 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Boz, M. A., Erensoy, K., Uçar, A., Sarıca, M. (2022). Beç Tavuklarında Yerleşim Sıklığının Büyüme, Kesim ve Karkas Özelliklerine Etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 63(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1077121


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