Research Article
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In vitro comparison of the physical properties of zinc oxide eugenol-based, propolis-containing experimental root canal sealers with standard sealers

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 59 - 66, 01.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.440060

Abstract

Objective: To compare the physical properties and microleakage of zinc
oxide eugenol-based experimental sealers containing propolis (PS) with Grossman
sealer and AH Plus.



Materials
and Method:
Propolis collected from
Tekirdağ area (
Thrace
region,
Turkey)
was used. Experimental sealers containing propolis at different ratios were
prepared [5% (PS5), 10% (PS10), 25% (PS25), 50% (PS50)], and compared with
Grossman sealer and AH Plus. The film thickness, flow, radioopacity, setting
time, solubility and pH of the aqueous extracts were evaluated according to the
ISO 6876/2001 standards. The microleakage was evaluated using the computerized
fluid filtration method. Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the
statistical analysis of the pH and the remaining data, respectively (
α=0.05).



Results: Except for the solubility, the physical properties of the
PSs were compatible with the ISO 6876/2001 standards. The solubility of the PSs
was similar to the Grossman sealer (p>0.05); but significantly greater than
the AH Plus (p<0.05). Regarding the inter-group comparison of the pH, the
aqueous extracts of all PSs had either similar or significantly greater pH
compared with those of the Grossman sealer or AH Plus (p<0.05). Significant
differences were also found in the intra-group analyses (p<0.05) with a
general tendency of an increase in the pH values with time. As for the
microleakage, the highest values were seen in PS5 and the Grossman sealer
(p>0.05; the two were similar), and the lowest values were seen in AH Plus;
PS10, PS25 and PS50 had intermediate microleakage.



Conclusion: The PSs are promising for possible future
clinical use as most of their physical properties were in accordance with the ISO
6876/2001 standards. Besides, their microleakage values were less than the
Grossman sealer, and their aqueous extracts revealed favorable pH.

References

  • Siqueira JF Jr, Favieri A, Gahyva SM, Moraes SR, Lima KC, Lopes HP. Antimicrobial activity and flow rate of newer and established root canal sealers. J Endod 2000;26:274-7.
  • Seux D, Couble ML, Hartman DJ, Gauthier JP, Magloire H. Odontoblast like cytodifferentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro in the presence of a calcium hydroxide containing cement. Arch Oral Biol 1991;36:117-28.
  • Almeida LHS, Moraes RR, Morgental RD, Cava SS, Rosa WLO, Rodrigues P, et al. Synthesis of silver-containing calcium aluminate particles and their effects on a MTA-based endodontic sealer. Dent Mater 2018;34:e214-23.
  • Banskota AH, Tezuka Y, Kadota S. Recent progress in pharmacological research of propolis. Phytother Res 2001;15:561-71.
  • Hepşen F, Tilgen F, Er H. Propolis: tıbbi özellikleri ve oftalmolojik kullanımı. Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Derg 1996;3:386-91.
  • Fuliang HU, Hepburn HR, Xuan H, Chen M, Daya S, Radloff SE. Effects of propolis on blood glucose, blood lipid and free radicals in rats with diabetes mellitus. Pharmacol Res 2005;51:147-52.
  • Kumova U, Korkmaz A, Avcı BC, Ceyran G. Önemli bir arı ürünü: propolis. Uludağ Bee Journal 2002;2:10-24.
  • Vatansever HS, Sorkun KS, Gurhan ID, Kurt FO, Turkoz E, Gencay O, et al. Propolis from Turkey induces apoptosis through activating caspases in human breast carcinoma cell lines. Acta Histochem 2010;112:546-56.
  • International Standards Organization. Dentistry: root canal sealing materials. ISO6876. International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2001.
  • Orucoglu H, Sengun A, Yilmaz N. Apical leakage of resin based root canal sealers with a new computerized fluid filtration meter. J Endod 2005;31:886-90.
  • Jasper E. Adaptation and tolerance of silver point canal filling. J Dent Res 1941;4:355.
  • Metzger Z, Basrani B, Goodis HE. Insturments, materials and devices. In: Hargreaves KM, Cohen S, editors. Pathways of the pulp. 10th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2011. p. 223-82.
  • Ørstavik D, Nordahl I, Tibbals JE. Dimensional change following setting of root canal sealer materials. Dent Mater 2001;17:512-9.
  • McMichen FR, Pearson G, Rahbaran S, Gulabivala K. A comparative study of selected physical properties of five root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2003;36:629-35.
  • Brackett MG, Martin R, Sword J, Oxford C, Rueggeberg FA, Tay FR, et al. Comparison of seal after obturation techniques using a polidimethylsiloxan based root canal sealer. J Endod 2006;32:1188-90.
  • Gambarini G, Testarelli L, Pongione G, Gerosa R, Gagliani M. Radiographic and rheological properties of a new endodontic sealer. Aust Endod J 2006;32:31-4.
  • Sen BH. Toz likit komponentli kök kanal dolgu maddelerinin değişik toz/likit oranlarında kullanılması ile fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimlerin incelenmesi [tez]. İzmir: Ege Üniversitesi; 1994.
  • Pane ES, Palamara JE, Messer HH. Behavior of resin-based endodontic sealer cements in thin and thick films. Dental Mater 2012;28:e150-9.
  • Vitti RP, Prati C, Sinhoreti MA, Zanchi CH, Souza E Silva MG, Ogliari FA, et al. Chemical-physical properties of experimental root canal sealers based on butyl ethylene glycol disalicylate and MTA. Dent Mater 2013;29:1287-94.
  • Almeida JF, Gomes BP, Ferraz CC, Souza-Filho FJ, Zaia AA. Filling of artificial lateral canals and microleakage and flow of five endodontic sealers. Int Endod J 2007;40:692-9.
  • Chang SW, Lee YK, Zhu Q, Shon WJ, Lee WC, Kum KY, et al. Comparison of the rheological properties of four root canal sealers. Int J Oral Sci 2015;23:56-61.
  • Beyer Olsen EM, Ørstavik D. Radiopacity of root canal sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1981;51:320-8.
  • Manson Hing LR. An investigation of the roentgenographic contrast of enamel, dentine, and aluminum. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1961;14:1456-72.
  • Vermilyea SG, de Simon LB, Hubet EF. The reological properties of endodontic sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1978;46:711-6.
  • Rossato TCA, Gallas JA, da Rosa WLO, da Silva AF, Piva E, Peralta Sl, et al. Experimental sealers containing metal methacrylates: Physical and biological properties. J Endod 2017;43:1725-29.
  • Flores DS, Rached FJ Jr, Versiani MA, Guedes DF, Sousa-Neto MD, Pècora JD. Evaluation of physicochemical properties of four root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2011;44:126-35.
  • Tasdemir T, Yesilyurt C, Yildirim T, Er K. Evaluation of the radiopacity of new root canal paste sealers by digital radiography. J Endod 2008;34:1388-90.
  • Candeiro GT, Correia FC, Duarte MA, Ribeiro-Siqueira DC, Gavini G. Evaluation of radiopacity, pH, release of calcium ions, and flow of a bioceramic root canal sealer. J Endod 2012;38:842-5.
  • Húngaro Duarte MA, de Oliveira El Kadre GD, Vivan RR, Guerreiro Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru Filho M, de Moraes IG. Radiopacity of portland cement associated with different radiopacifying agents. J Endod. 2009;35:737-40.
  • Massi S, Tanomaru-Filho M, Silva GF, Duarte MA, Grizzo LT, Buzalaf MA, et al. pH, calcium ion release, and setting time of an experimental mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealer. J Endod 2011;37:844-6.
  • Ørstavik D. Physical properties of root canal sealers: measurement of flow, working time, and compressive strength. Int Endod J 1983;16:99-107.
  • Zhou HM, Shen Y, Zheng W, Li L, Zheng YF, Haapasalo M. Physical properties of 5 root canal sealers. J Endod 2013;39:1281-6.
  • Donnelly A, Sword J, Nishitani Y, Yoshiyama M, Agee K, Tay FR, et al. Water sorption and solubility of methacrylate resin based root canal sealers. J Endod 2013;33:990-4.
  • Kazemi RB, Safavi KE, Spangberg LSW. Dimensional changes of endodontic sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1993;76:766-71.
  • Schafer E, Zandbiglari T. Solubility of root canal sealers in water and artificial saliva. Int Endod J 2003;36:660-9.
  • Huang TH, Kao CT. pH measurment of root canal sealers. J Endod 1998;24:236-8.
  • Cobankara FK, Adanir N, Belli S, Pashley DH. A quantitative evaluation of apical leakage of four root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2002;35:979-84.
  • Bouillaguet S, Shaw L, Barthelemy J, Krejci I, Wataha JC. Long term sealing ability of Pulp Canal Sealer, AH Plus, Gutta Flow and Epiphany. Int Endod J 2008;41:219-26.
  • Al-Ostwani AO, Al-Monaqel BM, Al-Tinawi MK. A clinical and radiographic study of four different root canal fillings in primary molars. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2016;34:55-9.

Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 59 - 66, 01.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.440060

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel
patların (PP) fiziksel özelliklerinin ve mikrosızıntısının Grossman patı ve AH
Plus ile karşılaştırılmasıdır.



Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, Tekirdağ yöresinden (Trakya bölgesi, Türkiye) toplanılan
propolis kullanıldı. Değişik oranlarda propolis içeren patlar [%5 (PP5), %10
(PP10), %25 (PP25), %50 (PP50)], Grossman patı ve AH Plus ile karşılaştırıldı.
Film kalınlıkları, akıcılıkları, radyoopasiteleri, sertleşme süreleri,
çözünürlükleri ve sudaki ekstraktlarının pH’ları ISO 6876/2001 standartlarına
göre değerlendirildi. Patların mikrosızıntıları bilgisayarlı sıvı filtrasyon
yöntemiyle incelendi. İstatistiksel analizde pH için Friedman testi, diğer tüm
testlerin analizinde Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanıldı (
α=0.05).



Bulgular: PP’lerin çözünürlük hariç diğer fiziksel özellikleri ISO 6876/2001
standartlarına uygundu. PP’lerin çözünürlüğü Grossman patına benzer
(p>0.05), AH Plus’tan anlamlı şekilde fazlaydı (p<0.05). Gruplar-arası pH
karşılaştırmasında, PP’lerin sudaki ekstratlarının pH’si Grossman ve AH Plus
patlarına benzer veya istatistiksel olarak onlardan daha yüksekti (p<0.05). Grup-içi
karşılaştırmalarda da anlamlı farklar bulunmakla beraber (p<0.05), pH
değerlerinin zaman ile yükselme eğiliminde olduğu görüldü. Mikrosızıntı için en
yüksek değerler PP5’te ve Grossman patında (p>0.05; ikisi birbirine benzerdi),
en düşük değerler ise AH Plus’ta görüldü; PP10, PP25 ve PP50 bunların arasında idi.



Sonuç: Propolis patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin çoğunun ISO 6876/2001
standartlarına uygun bulunması, mikrosızıntılarının Grossman patından daha az
olması ve sudaki ekstraktlarının pH’lerinin uygun olması gelecekte olası klinik
kullanımları için umut vericidir.

References

  • Siqueira JF Jr, Favieri A, Gahyva SM, Moraes SR, Lima KC, Lopes HP. Antimicrobial activity and flow rate of newer and established root canal sealers. J Endod 2000;26:274-7.
  • Seux D, Couble ML, Hartman DJ, Gauthier JP, Magloire H. Odontoblast like cytodifferentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro in the presence of a calcium hydroxide containing cement. Arch Oral Biol 1991;36:117-28.
  • Almeida LHS, Moraes RR, Morgental RD, Cava SS, Rosa WLO, Rodrigues P, et al. Synthesis of silver-containing calcium aluminate particles and their effects on a MTA-based endodontic sealer. Dent Mater 2018;34:e214-23.
  • Banskota AH, Tezuka Y, Kadota S. Recent progress in pharmacological research of propolis. Phytother Res 2001;15:561-71.
  • Hepşen F, Tilgen F, Er H. Propolis: tıbbi özellikleri ve oftalmolojik kullanımı. Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Derg 1996;3:386-91.
  • Fuliang HU, Hepburn HR, Xuan H, Chen M, Daya S, Radloff SE. Effects of propolis on blood glucose, blood lipid and free radicals in rats with diabetes mellitus. Pharmacol Res 2005;51:147-52.
  • Kumova U, Korkmaz A, Avcı BC, Ceyran G. Önemli bir arı ürünü: propolis. Uludağ Bee Journal 2002;2:10-24.
  • Vatansever HS, Sorkun KS, Gurhan ID, Kurt FO, Turkoz E, Gencay O, et al. Propolis from Turkey induces apoptosis through activating caspases in human breast carcinoma cell lines. Acta Histochem 2010;112:546-56.
  • International Standards Organization. Dentistry: root canal sealing materials. ISO6876. International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2001.
  • Orucoglu H, Sengun A, Yilmaz N. Apical leakage of resin based root canal sealers with a new computerized fluid filtration meter. J Endod 2005;31:886-90.
  • Jasper E. Adaptation and tolerance of silver point canal filling. J Dent Res 1941;4:355.
  • Metzger Z, Basrani B, Goodis HE. Insturments, materials and devices. In: Hargreaves KM, Cohen S, editors. Pathways of the pulp. 10th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2011. p. 223-82.
  • Ørstavik D, Nordahl I, Tibbals JE. Dimensional change following setting of root canal sealer materials. Dent Mater 2001;17:512-9.
  • McMichen FR, Pearson G, Rahbaran S, Gulabivala K. A comparative study of selected physical properties of five root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2003;36:629-35.
  • Brackett MG, Martin R, Sword J, Oxford C, Rueggeberg FA, Tay FR, et al. Comparison of seal after obturation techniques using a polidimethylsiloxan based root canal sealer. J Endod 2006;32:1188-90.
  • Gambarini G, Testarelli L, Pongione G, Gerosa R, Gagliani M. Radiographic and rheological properties of a new endodontic sealer. Aust Endod J 2006;32:31-4.
  • Sen BH. Toz likit komponentli kök kanal dolgu maddelerinin değişik toz/likit oranlarında kullanılması ile fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimlerin incelenmesi [tez]. İzmir: Ege Üniversitesi; 1994.
  • Pane ES, Palamara JE, Messer HH. Behavior of resin-based endodontic sealer cements in thin and thick films. Dental Mater 2012;28:e150-9.
  • Vitti RP, Prati C, Sinhoreti MA, Zanchi CH, Souza E Silva MG, Ogliari FA, et al. Chemical-physical properties of experimental root canal sealers based on butyl ethylene glycol disalicylate and MTA. Dent Mater 2013;29:1287-94.
  • Almeida JF, Gomes BP, Ferraz CC, Souza-Filho FJ, Zaia AA. Filling of artificial lateral canals and microleakage and flow of five endodontic sealers. Int Endod J 2007;40:692-9.
  • Chang SW, Lee YK, Zhu Q, Shon WJ, Lee WC, Kum KY, et al. Comparison of the rheological properties of four root canal sealers. Int J Oral Sci 2015;23:56-61.
  • Beyer Olsen EM, Ørstavik D. Radiopacity of root canal sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1981;51:320-8.
  • Manson Hing LR. An investigation of the roentgenographic contrast of enamel, dentine, and aluminum. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1961;14:1456-72.
  • Vermilyea SG, de Simon LB, Hubet EF. The reological properties of endodontic sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1978;46:711-6.
  • Rossato TCA, Gallas JA, da Rosa WLO, da Silva AF, Piva E, Peralta Sl, et al. Experimental sealers containing metal methacrylates: Physical and biological properties. J Endod 2017;43:1725-29.
  • Flores DS, Rached FJ Jr, Versiani MA, Guedes DF, Sousa-Neto MD, Pècora JD. Evaluation of physicochemical properties of four root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2011;44:126-35.
  • Tasdemir T, Yesilyurt C, Yildirim T, Er K. Evaluation of the radiopacity of new root canal paste sealers by digital radiography. J Endod 2008;34:1388-90.
  • Candeiro GT, Correia FC, Duarte MA, Ribeiro-Siqueira DC, Gavini G. Evaluation of radiopacity, pH, release of calcium ions, and flow of a bioceramic root canal sealer. J Endod 2012;38:842-5.
  • Húngaro Duarte MA, de Oliveira El Kadre GD, Vivan RR, Guerreiro Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru Filho M, de Moraes IG. Radiopacity of portland cement associated with different radiopacifying agents. J Endod. 2009;35:737-40.
  • Massi S, Tanomaru-Filho M, Silva GF, Duarte MA, Grizzo LT, Buzalaf MA, et al. pH, calcium ion release, and setting time of an experimental mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealer. J Endod 2011;37:844-6.
  • Ørstavik D. Physical properties of root canal sealers: measurement of flow, working time, and compressive strength. Int Endod J 1983;16:99-107.
  • Zhou HM, Shen Y, Zheng W, Li L, Zheng YF, Haapasalo M. Physical properties of 5 root canal sealers. J Endod 2013;39:1281-6.
  • Donnelly A, Sword J, Nishitani Y, Yoshiyama M, Agee K, Tay FR, et al. Water sorption and solubility of methacrylate resin based root canal sealers. J Endod 2013;33:990-4.
  • Kazemi RB, Safavi KE, Spangberg LSW. Dimensional changes of endodontic sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1993;76:766-71.
  • Schafer E, Zandbiglari T. Solubility of root canal sealers in water and artificial saliva. Int Endod J 2003;36:660-9.
  • Huang TH, Kao CT. pH measurment of root canal sealers. J Endod 1998;24:236-8.
  • Cobankara FK, Adanir N, Belli S, Pashley DH. A quantitative evaluation of apical leakage of four root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2002;35:979-84.
  • Bouillaguet S, Shaw L, Barthelemy J, Krejci I, Wataha JC. Long term sealing ability of Pulp Canal Sealer, AH Plus, Gutta Flow and Epiphany. Int Endod J 2008;41:219-26.
  • Al-Ostwani AO, Al-Monaqel BM, Al-Tinawi MK. A clinical and radiographic study of four different root canal fillings in primary molars. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2016;34:55-9.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Original Research Article
Authors

Mügem Aslı Ekici 0000-0002-0694-2141

Hüma Ömürlü

Publication Date May 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 36 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ekici, M. A., & Ömürlü, H. (2019). Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması. Acta Odontologica Turcica, 36(2), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.440060
AMA Ekici MA, Ömürlü H. Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması. Acta Odontol Turc. May 2019;36(2):59-66. doi:10.17214/gaziaot.440060
Chicago Ekici, Mügem Aslı, and Hüma Ömürlü. “Propolis içeren çinko Oksit öjenol Esaslı Deneysel kök Kanal patlarının Fiziksel özelliklerinin Standart Patlarla in Vitro Olarak karşılaştırılması”. Acta Odontologica Turcica 36, no. 2 (May 2019): 59-66. https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.440060.
EndNote Ekici MA, Ömürlü H (May 1, 2019) Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması. Acta Odontologica Turcica 36 2 59–66.
IEEE M. A. Ekici and H. Ömürlü, “Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması”, Acta Odontol Turc, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 59–66, 2019, doi: 10.17214/gaziaot.440060.
ISNAD Ekici, Mügem Aslı - Ömürlü, Hüma. “Propolis içeren çinko Oksit öjenol Esaslı Deneysel kök Kanal patlarının Fiziksel özelliklerinin Standart Patlarla in Vitro Olarak karşılaştırılması”. Acta Odontologica Turcica 36/2 (May 2019), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.440060.
JAMA Ekici MA, Ömürlü H. Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması. Acta Odontol Turc. 2019;36:59–66.
MLA Ekici, Mügem Aslı and Hüma Ömürlü. “Propolis içeren çinko Oksit öjenol Esaslı Deneysel kök Kanal patlarının Fiziksel özelliklerinin Standart Patlarla in Vitro Olarak karşılaştırılması”. Acta Odontologica Turcica, vol. 36, no. 2, 2019, pp. 59-66, doi:10.17214/gaziaot.440060.
Vancouver Ekici MA, Ömürlü H. Propolis içeren çinko oksit öjenol esaslı deneysel kök kanal patlarının fiziksel özelliklerinin standart patlarla in vitro olarak karşılaştırılması. Acta Odontol Turc. 2019;36(2):59-66.