Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 57 Issue: 1, 16 - 21, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20231086355

Abstract

References

  • 1. Bajsman A, Turkušić E, Vuković A, Zukić S, Zukanović A, Kahrović E. Analysis of metals released from dental amalgam alloy using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Stomatol Vjesn 2014; 3(1): 17-25.
  • 2. Marek M. Interactions between dental amalgams and the oral environment. Adv Dent Res 1992; 6(1): 100-9.
  • 3. Mackert Jr J, Berglund A. Mercury exposure from dental amalgam fillings: absorbed dose and the potential for adverse health effects. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1997; 8(4): 410-36.
  • 4. Izumi T, Eida T, Matsumoto N, Inoue H. Immunohistochemical localization of metallothionein in dental pulp after cavity preparation of rat molars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 104(4): e133-e7.
  • 5. Woods JS, Heyer NJ, Russo JE, Martin MD, Pillai PB, Farin FM. Modification of neurobehavioral effects of mercury by genetic polymorphisms of metallothionein in children. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2013; 39: 36-44.
  • 6. Miles A, Hawksworth G, Beattie J, Rodilla V. Induction, regulation, degradation, and biological significance of mammalian metallothioneins. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 35(1): 35-70.
  • 7. Davis SR, Cousins RJ. Metallothionein expression in animals: a physiological perspective on function. J Nutr 2000; 130(5): 1085-8.
  • 8. Thornalley PJ, Vašák M. Possible role for metallothionein in protection against radiation-induced oxidative stress. Kinetics and mechanism of its reaction with superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Biochim Biophys Acta Protein Struct Mol Enzymol 1985; 827(1): 36-44.
  • 9. Bizoń A, Milnerowicz H. Participation of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase in the blood of smoking smelters. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27(2): 326-34.
  • 10. Yıldız M, Alp HH, Gül P, Bakan N, Özcan M. Lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation caused by dental filling materials. J Dent Sci 2017; 12(3): 233-40.
  • 11. Dierickx PJ. In vitro interaction of organic mercury compounds with soluble glutathione S-transferases from rat liver. Pharmacol Res Commun 1985; 17(5): 489-500.
  • 12. Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Bravo-González LA, Kyung HM, Merino JJ. Increased Zn/glutathione levels and higher superoxide dismutase-1 activity as biomarkers of oxidative stress in women with long-term dental amalgam fillings: correlation between mercury/aluminium levels (in Hair) and antioxidant systems in plasma. Plos one 2015; 10(6): e0126339.
  • 13. Gul P, Akgul N, Alp HH, Kiziltunc A. Effects of composite restorations on oxidative stress in saliva: an in vivo study. J Dent Sci 2015; 10(4): 394-400.
  • 14. Dalla Costa R, Cossich ES, Tavares CRG. Influence of the temperature, volume and type of solution in the mercury vaporization of dental amalgam residue. Sci Total Environ 2008; 407(1): 1-6.
  • 15. Sweeney M, Creanor S, Smith R, Foye R. The release of mercury from dental amalgam and potential neurotoxicological effects. J Dent 2002; 30(5-6): 243-50.
  • 16. Al-Salehi S, Hatton P, Miller C, Mcleod C, Joiner A. The effect of carbamide peroxide treatment on metal ion release from dental amalgam. Dent Mater 2006; 22(10): 948-53.
  • 17. Yalcin Cakir F, Ergin E, Gurgan S, Sabuncuoglu S, Sahin Arpa C, Tokgoz İ, et al. Effect of bleaching on mercury release from amalgam fillings and antioxidant enzyme activities: a pilot study. J Esthet Restor Dent 2015; 27(1): 29-36.
  • 18. Brownawell AM, Berent S, Brent RL, Bruckner JV, Doull J, Gershwin EM, et al. The potential adverse health effects of dental amalgam. Toxicol Rev 2005; 24(1): 1-10.
  • 19. Uçar Y, Brantley WA. Biocompatibility of dental amalgams. Int J Dent 2011; 2011: 1-7.
  • 20. Skoner JR, Wallace JA, Fochtman F, Moore PA, Zullo T, Hoffman RD. Blood mercury levels with amalgam retroseals: a longitudinal study. J Endod 1996; 22(3): 140-1.
  • 21. Melchart D, Köhler W, Linde K, Zilker T, Kremers L, Saller R, et al. Biomonitoring of mercury in patients with complaints attributed to dental amalgam, healthy amalgam bearers, and amalgam-free subjects: a diagnostic study. Clin Toxicol 2008; 46(2): 133-40.
  • 22. Özdabak HN, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Akgül N, Polat F, Seven N. The effects of amalgam restorations on plasma mercury levels and total antioxidant activity. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53(12): 1101-6.
  • 23. Kröncke VA. Über die quecksilberkonzentrationen in blut und urin von personen mit und ohne amalgamfüllungen. 1980.
  • 24. Ott K, Loh F, Kroncke A, Schaller K, Valentin H, Weltle D. Zur Quecksilberbelastung durch amalgamfüllungen. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1984; 39: 199-205.
  • 25. Abraham J, Svare C, Frank C. The effect of dental amalgam restorations on blood mercury levels. J Dent Res 1984; 63(1): 71-3.
  • 26. Molin M, Bergman B, Marklund SL, Schütz A, Skerfving S. The influence of dental amalgam placement on mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in man. Acta Odontol Scand 1990; 48(4): 287-95.
  • 27. Pizzichini M, Fonzi M, Sugherini L, Fonzi L, Comporti M, Gasparoni A, et al. Release of mercury from dental amalgam and its influence on salivary antioxidant activity. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 2000; 42(2): 94-100.
  • 28. Hussain S, Atkinson A, Thompson S, Khan A. Accumulation of mercury and its effect on antioxidant enzymes in brain, liver, and kidneys of mice. J Environ Sci Health B 1999; 34(4): 645-60.
  • 29. Ariza ME, Bijur GN, Williams MV. Lead and mercury mutagenesis: role of H2O2, superoxide dismutase, and xanthine oxidase. Environ Mol Mutagen 1998; 31(4): 352-61.
  • 30. Sakulsak N. Metallothionein: an overview on its metal homeostatic regulation in mammals. Int J Morphol 2012; 30(3): 1007-12.
  • 31. İnal ME, Kanbak G, Sunal E. Antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels related to aging. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 305(1-2): 75-80.

Release of mercury from amalgam filling and its relationship with metallothionein and superoxide dismutase

Year 2023, Volume: 57 Issue: 1, 16 - 21, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20231086355

Abstract

Purpose This study aims at determining the amount of mercury released over time from amalgam after treatment in healthy subjects and to examine the relation of mercury with serum MT-1 and SOD-1 levels. Materials and Methods Amalgam filling was applied to the 15 subjects aged 19-22 years and blood samples were collected before treatment and 1 day, 7 days, 21 days and 35 days after treatment. Mercury analysis of serum samples was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, MT-1 and SOD-1 levels in serum samples were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Friedman test and Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed to analyse the data. p value was interpreted in significance level of 0.05. Results As a result of the analysis for MT-1, it was found that the values decreased over time and this decrease was statistically significant after 21 days (p<0.05). In addition, it was found that SOD-1 decreased over time, but this decrease was not statistically significant . In terms of released mercury, there was no statistically significant difference among the values of mercury released over time . According to the results of correlation analysis, no statistically significant relationship was found among the variables. Conclusion The results of the present study indicated that the amount of mercury released from the tested amalgam were found to be tolerable and no significant relationship was found between MT-1 and SOD-1.

References

  • 1. Bajsman A, Turkušić E, Vuković A, Zukić S, Zukanović A, Kahrović E. Analysis of metals released from dental amalgam alloy using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Stomatol Vjesn 2014; 3(1): 17-25.
  • 2. Marek M. Interactions between dental amalgams and the oral environment. Adv Dent Res 1992; 6(1): 100-9.
  • 3. Mackert Jr J, Berglund A. Mercury exposure from dental amalgam fillings: absorbed dose and the potential for adverse health effects. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1997; 8(4): 410-36.
  • 4. Izumi T, Eida T, Matsumoto N, Inoue H. Immunohistochemical localization of metallothionein in dental pulp after cavity preparation of rat molars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 104(4): e133-e7.
  • 5. Woods JS, Heyer NJ, Russo JE, Martin MD, Pillai PB, Farin FM. Modification of neurobehavioral effects of mercury by genetic polymorphisms of metallothionein in children. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2013; 39: 36-44.
  • 6. Miles A, Hawksworth G, Beattie J, Rodilla V. Induction, regulation, degradation, and biological significance of mammalian metallothioneins. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 35(1): 35-70.
  • 7. Davis SR, Cousins RJ. Metallothionein expression in animals: a physiological perspective on function. J Nutr 2000; 130(5): 1085-8.
  • 8. Thornalley PJ, Vašák M. Possible role for metallothionein in protection against radiation-induced oxidative stress. Kinetics and mechanism of its reaction with superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Biochim Biophys Acta Protein Struct Mol Enzymol 1985; 827(1): 36-44.
  • 9. Bizoń A, Milnerowicz H. Participation of metallothionein and superoxide dismutase in the blood of smoking smelters. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27(2): 326-34.
  • 10. Yıldız M, Alp HH, Gül P, Bakan N, Özcan M. Lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation caused by dental filling materials. J Dent Sci 2017; 12(3): 233-40.
  • 11. Dierickx PJ. In vitro interaction of organic mercury compounds with soluble glutathione S-transferases from rat liver. Pharmacol Res Commun 1985; 17(5): 489-500.
  • 12. Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Bravo-González LA, Kyung HM, Merino JJ. Increased Zn/glutathione levels and higher superoxide dismutase-1 activity as biomarkers of oxidative stress in women with long-term dental amalgam fillings: correlation between mercury/aluminium levels (in Hair) and antioxidant systems in plasma. Plos one 2015; 10(6): e0126339.
  • 13. Gul P, Akgul N, Alp HH, Kiziltunc A. Effects of composite restorations on oxidative stress in saliva: an in vivo study. J Dent Sci 2015; 10(4): 394-400.
  • 14. Dalla Costa R, Cossich ES, Tavares CRG. Influence of the temperature, volume and type of solution in the mercury vaporization of dental amalgam residue. Sci Total Environ 2008; 407(1): 1-6.
  • 15. Sweeney M, Creanor S, Smith R, Foye R. The release of mercury from dental amalgam and potential neurotoxicological effects. J Dent 2002; 30(5-6): 243-50.
  • 16. Al-Salehi S, Hatton P, Miller C, Mcleod C, Joiner A. The effect of carbamide peroxide treatment on metal ion release from dental amalgam. Dent Mater 2006; 22(10): 948-53.
  • 17. Yalcin Cakir F, Ergin E, Gurgan S, Sabuncuoglu S, Sahin Arpa C, Tokgoz İ, et al. Effect of bleaching on mercury release from amalgam fillings and antioxidant enzyme activities: a pilot study. J Esthet Restor Dent 2015; 27(1): 29-36.
  • 18. Brownawell AM, Berent S, Brent RL, Bruckner JV, Doull J, Gershwin EM, et al. The potential adverse health effects of dental amalgam. Toxicol Rev 2005; 24(1): 1-10.
  • 19. Uçar Y, Brantley WA. Biocompatibility of dental amalgams. Int J Dent 2011; 2011: 1-7.
  • 20. Skoner JR, Wallace JA, Fochtman F, Moore PA, Zullo T, Hoffman RD. Blood mercury levels with amalgam retroseals: a longitudinal study. J Endod 1996; 22(3): 140-1.
  • 21. Melchart D, Köhler W, Linde K, Zilker T, Kremers L, Saller R, et al. Biomonitoring of mercury in patients with complaints attributed to dental amalgam, healthy amalgam bearers, and amalgam-free subjects: a diagnostic study. Clin Toxicol 2008; 46(2): 133-40.
  • 22. Özdabak HN, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Akgül N, Polat F, Seven N. The effects of amalgam restorations on plasma mercury levels and total antioxidant activity. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53(12): 1101-6.
  • 23. Kröncke VA. Über die quecksilberkonzentrationen in blut und urin von personen mit und ohne amalgamfüllungen. 1980.
  • 24. Ott K, Loh F, Kroncke A, Schaller K, Valentin H, Weltle D. Zur Quecksilberbelastung durch amalgamfüllungen. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1984; 39: 199-205.
  • 25. Abraham J, Svare C, Frank C. The effect of dental amalgam restorations on blood mercury levels. J Dent Res 1984; 63(1): 71-3.
  • 26. Molin M, Bergman B, Marklund SL, Schütz A, Skerfving S. The influence of dental amalgam placement on mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in man. Acta Odontol Scand 1990; 48(4): 287-95.
  • 27. Pizzichini M, Fonzi M, Sugherini L, Fonzi L, Comporti M, Gasparoni A, et al. Release of mercury from dental amalgam and its influence on salivary antioxidant activity. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 2000; 42(2): 94-100.
  • 28. Hussain S, Atkinson A, Thompson S, Khan A. Accumulation of mercury and its effect on antioxidant enzymes in brain, liver, and kidneys of mice. J Environ Sci Health B 1999; 34(4): 645-60.
  • 29. Ariza ME, Bijur GN, Williams MV. Lead and mercury mutagenesis: role of H2O2, superoxide dismutase, and xanthine oxidase. Environ Mol Mutagen 1998; 31(4): 352-61.
  • 30. Sakulsak N. Metallothionein: an overview on its metal homeostatic regulation in mammals. Int J Morphol 2012; 30(3): 1007-12.
  • 31. İnal ME, Kanbak G, Sunal E. Antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels related to aging. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 305(1-2): 75-80.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Pınar Gül 0000-0003-3714-4991

Özcan Karataş 0000-0002-6102-7675

Ömer Sağsöz 0000-0002-6506-537X

Seda Aşkın 0000-0001-6133-9065

Ozge Turkeri 0000-0001-8791-5331

Ahmet Kızıltunç 0000-0002-7536-8921

Publication Date January 31, 2023
Submission Date March 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 57 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Gül P, Karataş Ö, Sağsöz Ö, Aşkın S, Turkeri O, Kızıltunç A (January 1, 2023) Release of mercury from amalgam filling and its relationship with metallothionein and superoxide dismutase. European Oral Research 57 1 16–21.