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Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 01.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1179576

Abstract

Bağırkaçdere Pb-Zn yatağı Edremit (Balıkesir)’in yaklaşık 10 km kuzeydoğusunda yer almaktadır. Yatak özellikle son 30 yıldır aralıksız işletilmektedir. Bölgede yüzlek veren birimler; şist, metakumtaşı ve mermer merceklerinin bulunduğu metamorfik birimler ile cevherleşme zonuna ait cevher-alterasyon kayaçlarıdır. Bölgedeki faylar çoğunlukla KB-GD yönelimli olup cevherleşmeler de bu yönlere uyumlu olarak gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada çalışma alanında yeralan 19 adet sondajda kesilen cevherli zonlar ve bunlara ait %Pb ve %Zn değerleri modellenmiştir. Yeraltında tespit edilen cevherli alanlar arasında, %Pb ve %Zn’nin işletme tenörü üzerinde kalan alanlarının kesişim bölgeleri belirlenmiş (26.337.500 hacimsel küp) ve bu parametreler yardımı ile yorumlanmış bir galeri haritası çizilmiştir. Bu modelleme çalışmasında Ters Mesafe Ağırlıklı interpolasyon algoritması kullanılmış ve modelleme çalışmasının parametreleri test edilmiştir. %Pb için optimal parametreler, güç değeri ve komşu değeri olarak 3’tür. %Zn için optimal parametreler ise sırasıyla güç değeri ve komşu değeri olarak 3 ve 2'dir. %Pb için Ortalama Mutlak Hata 2,00 ve Kare Kök-Ortalama Hata 4,25 iken, %Zn için Ortalama Mutlak Hata 1,14 ve Kök-Ortalama-Kare Hata 2,95'dir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile bir maden sahasında açılması planlanan bir maden ocağının yeri ve yönü tahmin edilebilmektedir. Ayrıca, metal fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmalar veya diğer artan maliyetler gibi önemli finansal değişiklikler olması durumunda, çalışma sırasında bu modelleme çalışmaları kullanılarak yeraltı madencilik operasyonları yeniden tasarlanabilir.

References

  • Akıska S, Akıska E. 2018a. An ore adit planning with the help of three dimensional ore body modeling: A case study from Çulfa Çukuru Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag deposit. Bull Miner Res Explor, 157: 191-206.
  • Akıska S, Akıska E. 2018b. Reserve estimation of Bagirkacdere Pb-Zn deposıt (Canakkale/Turkey) by Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method. 9th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, May 7-11, 2018, Antalya, Türkiye, pp: 202.
  • Akıska S, Sayılı İS, Demirela G. 2013a. 3D Subsurface modeling of mineralization: A case study from Handeresi (Çanakkale, NW Turkey) Pb-Zn-Cu deposit. Turk J Earth Sci, 22: 574-587.
  • Akıska S, Sayılı İS, Demirela G. 2013b. Geology, mineralogy and the Pb, S isotope study of the Kalkım Pb-Zn±Cu deposits, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. J Geosci-Czech, 58(4): 379-396.
  • Akıska S. 2010. Cu-Pb-Zn occurences of the Yenice (Çanakkale) area. PhD Thesis, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 254.
  • Akıska S. 2020. Crystallization conditions and compositional variations of silicate and sulfide minerals in the Pb-Zn skarn deposits, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. Ore Geol Rev, 103322 DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103322.
  • Aysal N, Ustaömer T, Öngen S, Keskin M, Köksal S, Peytcheva I, Fanning M. 2012. Origin of the Early-Middle Devonian magmatism in the Sakarya Zone, NW Turkey: geochronology, geochemistry and isotope systematics. J Asian Earth Sci, 45: 201-222.
  • Burrough PA, McDonnell RA. 1998. Creating continuous surfaces from point data. In: Burrough PA, Goodchild MF, McDonnell RA, Switzer P, Worboys M. (Eds.), Principles of Geographic Information Systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  • Çetinkaya N, Karul B, Önal R, Yenigün K 1983b. Çanakkale-Yenice-Kalkım Handeresi Pb-Zn-Cu yatağı jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:7822, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Çetinkaya N, Karul B, Önal R, Yenigün K. 1983a. Çanakkale-Yenice-Kalkım Bağırkaç Dere jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 7814, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Chen J, Lu P, Wu W, Zhao J, Hu Q 2007. A 3-D prediction method for blind orebody based on 3-D visualization model and its application. Earth Sci Front, 14(5): 54-62.
  • Davis BM. 1987. Uses and Abuses of cross-validation in geostatistics. Math Geol, 19(3): 241-248.
  • Delaloye M. Bingöl E. 2000. Granitoids from western and northwestern Anatolia: Geochemistry and modeling of geodynamic evolution. Int Geol Rev, 42: 241-268.
  • Dhont D, Monod B, Hervouët Y, Backé G, Klarica S, Choy JE. 2012. 3D geological modeling of the Trujillo block: Insights for crustal escape models of the Venezuelan Andes. J S Am Earth Sci, 39: 245-251.
  • Feltrin L, McLellan JG, Oliver NHS. 2009. Modelling the giant, Zn-Pb-Ag century deposit, Queensland, Australia. Comput and Geosci, 35: 108-133.
  • Franke R, Nielson G. 1980 Smooth interpolation of large sets of scattered data. Int J Numer Methods Eng, 15: 1691-1704.
  • Houlding SW. 1994. 3D Geoscience Modeling: Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp: 309.
  • Isaaks EH, Srivastava RM. 1989. Applied geostatistics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp: 561.
  • Johnston K, Ver Hoef JM, Krivoruchko K, Lucas N. 2001. Using ArcGIS geostatistical analyst. ESRI Press, Redlands, CA, US.
  • Li J, Heap A. 2008. A review of spatial interpolation methods for environmental scientists. Record 2008/23, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, Australia.
  • Loudon TV. 2000. Geoscience after IT: a view of the conventional geoscience information system. Comput and Geosci, 26: A75-A85.
  • Ming J, Pan M, Qu H, Ge Z. 2010. GSIS: A 3D geological multibody modeling system from netty cross-sections with topology. Comput and Geosci, 36: 756-767.
  • Okay Aİ, Satır M, Maluski H, Siyako M, Monie P, Metzger R, Akyüz S. 1996. Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan events in northwest Turkey: geological and geochronological constraints. Yin, A., Harrison, M. (Ed.). Tectonics of Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp: 420-441.
  • Okay Aİ, Satır M, Siebel W. 2006. Pre-Alpide orogenic events in the Eastern Mediterranean region. In: Gee DG, Stephenson RA (Eds.), European Lithosphere Dynamics. Geol Soc London, 32: 389-405.
  • Okay Aİ, Siyako M, Bürkan KA. 1990. Biga yarımadası’nın jeolojisi ve tektonik evrimi. Türkiye Petrol Jeol Dern Bült, 2: 83-121.
  • Olea RA. 1999. Geostatistics for engineers and earth scientists. Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, UK, pp: 303.
  • Rockware. 2008. Rockworks15. Rockware Golden Co., US, pp: 310.
  • Topuz G, Altherr R, Schwartz WH, Dokuz A, Meyer, HP. 2007. Variscan amphibolites-facies rocks from the Kurtoğlu metamorphic complex (Gümüşhane area, Eastern Pontides, Turkey). Int J Earth Sci, 96: 861-873.
  • Turner AK. 1992. Three-dimensional modelling with geoscientific information systems. In: Proceedings of the NATO Adv. Res. Workshop, S.Barbara, California. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp: 443.
  • Voltz M, Webster R. 1990. A comparison of kriging, cubic splines and classifi cation for predicting soil properties from sample information. Eur J Soil Sci, 41: 473-490.
  • Wang ED, Li Y, Bao YB. 2005. Visualized 3-D modeling of orebodies, J Northeast Univ, 26: 890-892.
  • Webster R, Oliver MA. 2001. Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists. John Wiley and Sons, New York, US, pp: 360.
  • Yücelay MA. 1976. Çanakkale-Kalkım-Handeresi Pb-Zn-Cu bölgesinin etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 5720, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Zanchi A, Francesca S, Stefano Z, Simone S, Graziano G. 2009. 3D reconstruction of complex geological bodies: examples from the Alps. Comput and Geosci, 35: 49-69.
  • Zhang XY. 2006. Research on key technologies of reserve calculation analysis system based on geo-spatial 3-D visualization, of earth probing and information technology. Doctoral Dissertation, Jilin University, Changchun, China, pp. 143.
  • Zhang ZW, Cai KQ, Xu ZH. 1999. Large-scale metallogenic prediction method. Earth Sci Front, 6(1): 12.
  • Zhao PD, Li ZJ, Hu GD. 1992. Three dimensional statistical prediction of deposit in key metallogenic region: an example from Yueshan area in Anhui Province. University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan, China, pp: 107.

3D Ore Block Modeling of the Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Deposit

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 01.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1179576

Abstract

Bağırkaçdere Pb-Zn deposit is located approximately 10 km northeast of Edremit (Balıkesir). The deposit has been operated continuously for the last 30 years. The metamorphic units (schist, metasandstone, and marble lenses) and ore-alteration rocks are outcropped in the region. The faults in the region are mostly NW-SE oriented and mineralizations are observed in accordance with these directions. In this study, the ore zones cut in 19 boreholes and their %Pb and %Zn values were modeled. Among the ore zones detected in the subsurface environment, the intersected areas of %Pb and %Zn above the cutoff grades were determined (26,337,500 voxel) and an interpreted gallery was drawn using these parameters. In this modeling study, Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation algorithm was used and the parameters of the modeling study were tested. The optimal parameters for Pb% are 3 both as power value and neighbor value, while the optimal parameters for Zn% are 3 and 2 as power value and neighbor value, respectively. Mean Absolute Error is 2.00 and Root-Mean-Square Error is 4.25 for Pb%, while Mean Absolute Error is 1.14 and Root-Mean-Square Error is 2.95 for Zn%. With this study, the location and the direction of an ore adit, planned for opening in a mining area, can be estimated. In addition, underground mining operations can be redesigned using these modeling studies during work in case of any important financial changes such as fluctuations in metal prices or other increasing costs.

References

  • Akıska S, Akıska E. 2018a. An ore adit planning with the help of three dimensional ore body modeling: A case study from Çulfa Çukuru Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag deposit. Bull Miner Res Explor, 157: 191-206.
  • Akıska S, Akıska E. 2018b. Reserve estimation of Bagirkacdere Pb-Zn deposıt (Canakkale/Turkey) by Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method. 9th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, May 7-11, 2018, Antalya, Türkiye, pp: 202.
  • Akıska S, Sayılı İS, Demirela G. 2013a. 3D Subsurface modeling of mineralization: A case study from Handeresi (Çanakkale, NW Turkey) Pb-Zn-Cu deposit. Turk J Earth Sci, 22: 574-587.
  • Akıska S, Sayılı İS, Demirela G. 2013b. Geology, mineralogy and the Pb, S isotope study of the Kalkım Pb-Zn±Cu deposits, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. J Geosci-Czech, 58(4): 379-396.
  • Akıska S. 2010. Cu-Pb-Zn occurences of the Yenice (Çanakkale) area. PhD Thesis, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 254.
  • Akıska S. 2020. Crystallization conditions and compositional variations of silicate and sulfide minerals in the Pb-Zn skarn deposits, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. Ore Geol Rev, 103322 DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103322.
  • Aysal N, Ustaömer T, Öngen S, Keskin M, Köksal S, Peytcheva I, Fanning M. 2012. Origin of the Early-Middle Devonian magmatism in the Sakarya Zone, NW Turkey: geochronology, geochemistry and isotope systematics. J Asian Earth Sci, 45: 201-222.
  • Burrough PA, McDonnell RA. 1998. Creating continuous surfaces from point data. In: Burrough PA, Goodchild MF, McDonnell RA, Switzer P, Worboys M. (Eds.), Principles of Geographic Information Systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  • Çetinkaya N, Karul B, Önal R, Yenigün K 1983b. Çanakkale-Yenice-Kalkım Handeresi Pb-Zn-Cu yatağı jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:7822, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Çetinkaya N, Karul B, Önal R, Yenigün K. 1983a. Çanakkale-Yenice-Kalkım Bağırkaç Dere jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 7814, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Chen J, Lu P, Wu W, Zhao J, Hu Q 2007. A 3-D prediction method for blind orebody based on 3-D visualization model and its application. Earth Sci Front, 14(5): 54-62.
  • Davis BM. 1987. Uses and Abuses of cross-validation in geostatistics. Math Geol, 19(3): 241-248.
  • Delaloye M. Bingöl E. 2000. Granitoids from western and northwestern Anatolia: Geochemistry and modeling of geodynamic evolution. Int Geol Rev, 42: 241-268.
  • Dhont D, Monod B, Hervouët Y, Backé G, Klarica S, Choy JE. 2012. 3D geological modeling of the Trujillo block: Insights for crustal escape models of the Venezuelan Andes. J S Am Earth Sci, 39: 245-251.
  • Feltrin L, McLellan JG, Oliver NHS. 2009. Modelling the giant, Zn-Pb-Ag century deposit, Queensland, Australia. Comput and Geosci, 35: 108-133.
  • Franke R, Nielson G. 1980 Smooth interpolation of large sets of scattered data. Int J Numer Methods Eng, 15: 1691-1704.
  • Houlding SW. 1994. 3D Geoscience Modeling: Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp: 309.
  • Isaaks EH, Srivastava RM. 1989. Applied geostatistics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp: 561.
  • Johnston K, Ver Hoef JM, Krivoruchko K, Lucas N. 2001. Using ArcGIS geostatistical analyst. ESRI Press, Redlands, CA, US.
  • Li J, Heap A. 2008. A review of spatial interpolation methods for environmental scientists. Record 2008/23, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, Australia.
  • Loudon TV. 2000. Geoscience after IT: a view of the conventional geoscience information system. Comput and Geosci, 26: A75-A85.
  • Ming J, Pan M, Qu H, Ge Z. 2010. GSIS: A 3D geological multibody modeling system from netty cross-sections with topology. Comput and Geosci, 36: 756-767.
  • Okay Aİ, Satır M, Maluski H, Siyako M, Monie P, Metzger R, Akyüz S. 1996. Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan events in northwest Turkey: geological and geochronological constraints. Yin, A., Harrison, M. (Ed.). Tectonics of Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp: 420-441.
  • Okay Aİ, Satır M, Siebel W. 2006. Pre-Alpide orogenic events in the Eastern Mediterranean region. In: Gee DG, Stephenson RA (Eds.), European Lithosphere Dynamics. Geol Soc London, 32: 389-405.
  • Okay Aİ, Siyako M, Bürkan KA. 1990. Biga yarımadası’nın jeolojisi ve tektonik evrimi. Türkiye Petrol Jeol Dern Bült, 2: 83-121.
  • Olea RA. 1999. Geostatistics for engineers and earth scientists. Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, UK, pp: 303.
  • Rockware. 2008. Rockworks15. Rockware Golden Co., US, pp: 310.
  • Topuz G, Altherr R, Schwartz WH, Dokuz A, Meyer, HP. 2007. Variscan amphibolites-facies rocks from the Kurtoğlu metamorphic complex (Gümüşhane area, Eastern Pontides, Turkey). Int J Earth Sci, 96: 861-873.
  • Turner AK. 1992. Three-dimensional modelling with geoscientific information systems. In: Proceedings of the NATO Adv. Res. Workshop, S.Barbara, California. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp: 443.
  • Voltz M, Webster R. 1990. A comparison of kriging, cubic splines and classifi cation for predicting soil properties from sample information. Eur J Soil Sci, 41: 473-490.
  • Wang ED, Li Y, Bao YB. 2005. Visualized 3-D modeling of orebodies, J Northeast Univ, 26: 890-892.
  • Webster R, Oliver MA. 2001. Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists. John Wiley and Sons, New York, US, pp: 360.
  • Yücelay MA. 1976. Çanakkale-Kalkım-Handeresi Pb-Zn-Cu bölgesinin etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 5720, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Zanchi A, Francesca S, Stefano Z, Simone S, Graziano G. 2009. 3D reconstruction of complex geological bodies: examples from the Alps. Comput and Geosci, 35: 49-69.
  • Zhang XY. 2006. Research on key technologies of reserve calculation analysis system based on geo-spatial 3-D visualization, of earth probing and information technology. Doctoral Dissertation, Jilin University, Changchun, China, pp. 143.
  • Zhang ZW, Cai KQ, Xu ZH. 1999. Large-scale metallogenic prediction method. Earth Sci Front, 6(1): 12.
  • Zhao PD, Li ZJ, Hu GD. 1992. Three dimensional statistical prediction of deposit in key metallogenic region: an example from Yueshan area in Anhui Province. University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan, China, pp: 107.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sinan Akıska 0000-0001-8262-7349

Elif Akıska 0000-0002-6180-4710

Publication Date January 1, 2023
Submission Date September 24, 2022
Acceptance Date November 1, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akıska, S., & Akıska, E. (2023). Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 6(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1179576
AMA Akıska S, Akıska E. Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi. BSJ Eng. Sci. January 2023;6(1):10-17. doi:10.34248/bsengineering.1179576
Chicago Akıska, Sinan, and Elif Akıska. “Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 6, no. 1 (January 2023): 10-17. https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1179576.
EndNote Akıska S, Akıska E (January 1, 2023) Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 6 1 10–17.
IEEE S. Akıska and E. Akıska, “Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi”, BSJ Eng. Sci., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 10–17, 2023, doi: 10.34248/bsengineering.1179576.
ISNAD Akıska, Sinan - Akıska, Elif. “Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science 6/1 (January 2023), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1179576.
JAMA Akıska S, Akıska E. Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi. BSJ Eng. Sci. 2023;6:10–17.
MLA Akıska, Sinan and Elif Akıska. “Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi”. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, vol. 6, no. 1, 2023, pp. 10-17, doi:10.34248/bsengineering.1179576.
Vancouver Akıska S, Akıska E. Bağırkaçdere (Çanakkale) Pb-Zn Yatağı’nın 3B Cevher Blok Modellemesi. BSJ Eng. Sci. 2023;6(1):10-7.

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