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Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 215 - 225, 01.05.2023

Ahmet Uçar Mehmet Akif Boz Musa Sarıca

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1226796
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Keywords

Game Birds Welfare Rearing System Pheasant Guinea Fowl

References

  • Abraham M, Weimer S, Scoles K, Vargas J, Johnson T, Robison C, Hoverman L, Rocheford E, Rocheford T, Ortiz D. 2021. Orange corn diets associated with lower severity of footpad dermatitis in broilers. Poultry Sci, 100: 101054.
  • Andrews L, McPherson B. 1963. Comparison of different types of materials for broiler litter. Poultry Sci, 42: 249-254.
  • Bennewitz J, Bögelein S, Stratz P, Rodehutscord M, Piepho HP, Kjaer JB, Bessei W. 2014. Genetic parameters for feather pecking and aggressive behavior in a large F2-cross of laying hens using generalized linear mixed models. Poultry Sci, 93: 810-817. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03638.
  • Bestman M, Wagenaar JP. 2003. Farm level factors associated with feather pecking in organic laying hens. Livestock Prod Sci, 80: 133-140.
  • Bilgili S, Alley M, Hess J, Nagaraj M. 2006. Influence of age and sex on footpad quality and yield in broiler chickens reared on low and high density diets. J App Poultry Res, 15: 433-441.
  • Boz MA, Erensoy K, Uçar A, Sarıca M. 2022. Beç tavuklarında yerleşim sıklığının büyüme, kesim ve karkas özelliklerine etkisi. Hay Üret, 63: 47-56.
  • Boz MA, Sarıca M, Yamak US. 2017. Effect of production system on foot pad dermatitis (FPD) and plumage quality of geese. Eur Poultry Sci, 81.
  • Brunberg E, Jensen P, Isaksson A, Keeling L. 2011. Feather pecking behavior in laying hens: Hypothalamic gene expression in birds performing and receiving pecks. Poultry Sci, 90: 1145-1152. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00961.
  • Buijs S, Keeling L, Rettenbacher S, Van Poucke E, Tuyttens F. 2009. Stocking density effects on broiler welfare: Identifying sensitive ranges for different indicators. Poultry Sci, 88: 1536-1543.
  • Butler LK, Rohwer S, Speidel MG. 2008. Quantifying structural variation in contour feathers to address functional variation and life history trade‐offs. J Avian Biol, 39: 629-639.
  • Channing CE. 1998. Feather pecking in adult laying hens: Can it be associated with pecking at inanimate objects? British Poultry Sci, 39: 15-16. DOI: 10.1080/00071669888106.
  • Colton S, Fraley GS. 2014. The effects of environmental enrichment devices on feather picking in commercially housed Pekin ducks. Poultry Sci, 93: 2143-2150. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-03885.
  • Coton J, Guinebretière M, Guesdon V, Chiron G, Mindus C, Laravoire A, Pauthier G, Balaine L, Descamps M, Bignon L. 2019. Feather pecking in laying hens housed in free-range or furnished-cage systems on French farms. British Poultry Sci, 60: 617-627.
  • Dahlgren RB. 1988. Distribution and abundance of the ring-necked pheasant in North America. Pheasants: symptoms of wildlife problems on agricultural lands. North Central Section of the Wildlife Society, Bloomington, Indiana, USA, pp: 29-43.
  • Dawkins MS, Donnelly CA, Jones TA. 2004. Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density. Nature, 427: 342-344.
  • Draycott R, Pock K, Carroll J. 2002. Sustainable management of a wild pheasant population in Austria. Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft, 48: 346-353.
  • Draycott RA, Woodburn MI, Carroll JP, Sage RB. 2005. Effects of spring supplementary feeding on population density and breeding success of released pheasants Phasianus colchicus in Britain. Wildlife Biol, 11: 177-182.
  • Eichner G, Vieira S, Torres C, Coneglian J, Freitas D, Oyarzabal O. 2007. Litter moisture and footpad dermatitis as affected by diets formulated on an all-vegetable basis or having the inclusion of poultry by-product. J App Poultry Res, 16: 344-350.
  • Freihold D, Bartels T, Bergmann S, Berk J, Deerberg F, Dressel A, Erhard M, Ermakow O, Huchler M, Krautwald-Junghanns ME. 2019. Investigation of the prevalence and severity of foot pad dermatitis at the slaughterhouse in fattening turkeys reared in organic production systems in Germany. Poultry Sci, 98: 1559-1567.
  • Greene JA, McCracken R, Evans R. 1985. A contact dermatitis of broilers‐clinical and pathological findings. Avian Pathol 14: 23-38.
  • Harms R, Damron B, Simpson C. 1977. Effect of wet litter and supplemental biotin and/or whey on the production of foot pad dermatitis in broilers. Poultry Sci, 56: 291-296.
  • HoMeyer I. 1969. Peather Pecking in Pheasants-an Ethological Approach to the Problem. Vildtbiologisk Station, Rende, Denmark, pp: 36.
  • Huber-Eicher B, Wechsler B. 1998. The effect of quality and availability of foraging materials on feather pecking in laying hen chicks. Anim Behav, 55: 861-873.
  • Jameel MA, Khan MF, Awan MN, Nadeem MS, Aslam S, Mehmood S, Ahmad D, Wali R, Rehman Q, Khan MA, Mahmood T. 2022. Population and risk assessment of sympatric pheasant species in Palas Valley. Pakistan. Brazilian J Biol, 84. DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259582.
  • Jensen LS, Martinson R, Schumaier G. 1970. A foot pad dermatitis in turkey poults associated with soybean meal. Poultry Sci, 49: 76-82.
  • Jensen P. 2018. Genetics and genomics of animal welfare. Elsevier, Newyork, UK, pp: 25-48.
  • Jones T, Dawkins M. 2010. Environment and management factors affecting Pekin duck production and welfare on commercial farms in the UK. British Poultry Sci, 51: 12-21.
  • Kjaer J. 2004. Effects of stocking density and group size on the condition of the skin and feathers of pheasant chicks. Vet Record, 154: 556-558.
  • Lay JrD, Fulton R, Hester P, Karcher D, Kjaer J, Mench JA, Mullens B, Newberry RC, Nicol JC, O’Sullivan NP. 2011. Hen welfare in different housing systems. Poultry Sci, 90: 278-294.
  • Leeson S, Walsh T. 2004. Feathering in commercial poultry II. Factors influencing feather growth and feather loss. World's Poultry Sci J, 60: 52-63.
  • Leone EH, Christman MC, Douglass L, Estevez I. 2010. Separating the impact of group size, density, and enclosure size on broiler movement and space use at a decreasing perimeter to area ratio. Behav Proces, 83: 16-22.
  • Liao SC, Lu PX, Shen SY, Hsiao CC, Lien CY, Wang SD, Lin TY, Tu PA. 2021. Effects of different swimming pool conditions and floor types on growth performance and footpad dermatitis in indoor-reared white Roman geese. Animals, 11: 1705.
  • Liebl M, Gierus M, Potthast C, Schedle K. 2022. Influence of Insoluble Dietary Fibre on Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Marker Genes in Caecum, Ileal Morphology, Performance, and Foot Pad Dermatitis in Broiler. Animals, 12: 2069.
  • Liu Z, Wang L, Beasley D, Oviedo E. 2007. Effect of moisture content on ammonia emissions from broiler litter: A laboratory study. J Atmospheric Chem, 58: 41-53.
  • Martland M. 1984. Wet litter as a cause of plantar pododermatitis, leading to foot ulceration and lameness in fattening turkeys. Avian Pathol, 13: 241-252.
  • Mayne R, Else R, Hocking P. 2007. High litter moisture alone is sufficient to cause footpad dermatitis in growing turkeys. British Poultry Sci, 48: 538-545.
  • Miles D, Rowe D, Cathcart T. 2011. High litter moisture content suppresses litter ammonia volatilization. Poultry Sci, 90: 1397-1405.
  • Murphy ME. 1996. Energetics and nutrition of molt. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp: 158-198.
  • Nairn M, Watson A. 1972. Leg weakness of poultry-A clinical and pathological characterisation. Australian Vet J, 48: 645-656.
  • Nauaraj M, Bilgili S, Hess J, Biguzzi F. 2006. Paw burns in broiler chickens are negatively affected high protein and all vegetable diets. Proc Poultry Sci, 55(1): 51-58.
  • Nielsen B. 2009. Welfare of meat producing poultry. Poultry Welfare Symposium, May 18-22, 2009,Cervia, Italy, pp: 36-39.
  • Nilsson JǺ, Svensson E. 1996. The cost of reproduction: a new link between current reproductive effort and future reproductive success. Biol Sci, 263: 711-714.
  • Nørgaard-Nielsen G, Vestergaard K, Simonsen H. 1993. Effects of rearing experience and stimulus enrichment on feather damage in laying hens. App Anim Behav Sci, 38: 345-352.
  • Pagazaurtundua A, Warriss P. 2006. Levels of foot pad dermatitis in broiler chickens reared in 5 different systems. British Poultry Sci, 47: 529-532.
  • Petek M, Topal E, Cavusoglu E. 2015. Effects of age at first access to range area on pecking behaviour and plumage quality of free-range layer chickens. Archives Anim Breed, 58: 85-91.
  • Rodenburg T, Van Krimpen M, De Jong I, De Haas E, Kops M, Riedstra B, Nordquist R, Wagenaar J, Bestman M, Nicol C. 2013. The prevention and control of feather pecking in laying hens: identifying the underlying principles. World's Poultry Sci J, 69: 361-374.
  • Sarica M, Boga S, Yamak US. 2008. The effects of space allowance on egg yield, egg quality and plumage condition of laying hens in battery cages. Czech J Anim Sci, 53: 346-353.
  • Sarıca M, Çam MA. 1998. The effects of reused litter materials on broiler performances and litter properties. Turkish J Vet Anim Sci, 22: 213-220.
  • Sarica M, Yamak US. 2010. The effects of production systems (barn and free-range) on foot pad dermatitis and body defects of white turkeys. J Anim Vet Adv, 9: 958-961.
  • Shepherd E, Fairchild B. 2010. Footpad dermatitis in poultry. Poultry Sci, 89: 2043-2051.
  • Śmiecińska K, Stępień A, Kubiak D. 2022. Effect of variety and sex on the carcass and meat quality traits of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris L.). Animals, 12: 2916.
  • Stettenheim P. 1972. The integument of birds. J Avian Biol, 2: 1-63.
  • Swaddle JP, Witter MS, Cuthill IC, Budden A, McCowen P. 1996. Plumage condition affects flight performance in common starlings: implications for developmental homeostasis, abrasion and moult. J Avian Biol, 27(2): 103-111.
  • Taira K, Nagai T, Obi T, Takase K. 2014. Effect of litter moisture on the development of footpad dermatitis in broiler chickens. J Vet Medic Sci, 76: 583-586.
  • Tauson R, Ambrosen T, Elwinger K. 1984. Evaluation of procedures for scoring the integument of laying hens-Independent scoring of plumage condition. Acta Agri Scandinavica, 34: 400-408.
  • Terčič D, Žolger M, Pestotnik M. 2015. Effect of different litter materials on foot pad dermatitis, hock burn and feather coverage in broiler chickens. Acta Agri Slovenica, 106: 97-101.
  • Uçar A, Sarıca M. 2018. The relationships between egg production, age and the hatching traits of pheasants. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Tech, 6: 1311-1316.
  • Wechsler B, Huber-Eicher B. 1998. The effect of foraging material and perch height on feather pecking and feather damage in laying hens. App Anim Behav Sci, 58: 131-141.
  • Westerskov K. 1955. Notes on the Post-juvenile Moult and First-winter Plumage in the Pheasant. New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs. New Zealand.
  • Wu K, Hocking P. 2011. Turkeys are equally susceptible to foot pad dermatitis from 1 to 10 weeks of age and foot pad scores were minimized when litter moisture was less than 30%. Poultry Sci, 90: 1170-1178.
  • Yamak US, Boz MA, Ucar A, Sarica M, Onder H. 2016a. The effect of eggshell thickness on the hatchability of guinea fowl and pheasants. Brazilian J Poultry Sci, 18: 49-53.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2016b. Effect of reusing litter on broiler performance, foot-pad dermatitis and litter quality in chickens with different growth rates. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 22(1): 85-91.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2018. Effect of production system (barn and free range) and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl. Poultry Sci, 97: 47-53.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2020. Effect of production system and age on the growth performance and carcass traits of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Annals Anim Sci, 20(1): 219-229.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M. 2012. Relationships between feather score and egg production and feed consumption of different layer hybrids kept in conventional cages. Archiv fur Geflügelkunde, 76: 31-37.
  • Youssef I, Beineke A, Rohn K, Kamphues J. 2011. Effects of litter quality (moisture, ammonia, uric acid) on development and severity of foot pad dermatitis in growing turkeys. Avian Diseas, 55: 51-58.
  • Zapletal D, Suchý P, Straková E, Vitula F, Kuchtík J. 2011. Behaviour patterns of the cage-housed breeding flock of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Acta Univ Agric, 59: 215-220.
  • Zimmerman PH, Lindberg AC, Pope SJ, Glen E, Bolhuis JE, Nicol CJ. 2006. The effect of stocking density, flock size and modified management on laying hen behaviour and welfare in a non-cage system. App Anim Behav Sci, 101: 111-124.

The Effect of Rearing System on Plumage Quality and Foot-Pad Dermatitis in Guinea Fowls and Pheasants

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 215 - 225, 01.05.2023

Ahmet Uçar Mehmet Akif Boz Musa Sarıca

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1226796
Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study aims to determine welfare parameters such as foot-pad dermatitis (FPD) and plumage quality (PQ) scores at different slaughter ages in barn and free-range rearing systems for guinea fowl and pheasants. The birds randomly distributed with half of 200 Pheasant and 200 guinea fowl chicks were reared in both indoor and free-range systems. Game birds were examined for both FPD score and feather score (PQ) at 6, 12, 14, 16 and 18 weeks of age. The litter moisture content was also measured at 14, 16 and 18 weeks of the growing period. In guinea fowls, litter moisture content differed significantly according to the rearing system (P<0.01). In both game birds, gender differences were determined in wing feather quality for 6 weeks (P>0.05). In terms of FPD, there was no difference in guinea fowl according to the rearing system, gender and slaughter age, but there was a difference in pheasants according to the slaughter age. In guinea fowl, the head PART feather quality was lower than the barn system (P<0.05) and the lowest feather quality was found at 12 weeks of age in terms of slaughter age (P<0.01). It was determined that in terms of back, wing and tail feather quality of pheasants, those reared in closed system were lower (P<0.01). As a result, it was determined that guinea fowls had lower litter moisture in the free-range system, but this did not affect FPD score. On the other hand, it was found that FPD scores increased with age in pheasants. It was determined that free-range system was better in terms of head part feather quality in guinea fowls and back, wing and tail feathers were better in this system, similarly in pheasants. In terms of feather quality, a free-range system is recommended for better welfare for both species, especially pheasants.

Keywords

Game Birds Welfare Rearing System Pheasant Guinea Fowl

References

  • Abraham M, Weimer S, Scoles K, Vargas J, Johnson T, Robison C, Hoverman L, Rocheford E, Rocheford T, Ortiz D. 2021. Orange corn diets associated with lower severity of footpad dermatitis in broilers. Poultry Sci, 100: 101054.
  • Andrews L, McPherson B. 1963. Comparison of different types of materials for broiler litter. Poultry Sci, 42: 249-254.
  • Bennewitz J, Bögelein S, Stratz P, Rodehutscord M, Piepho HP, Kjaer JB, Bessei W. 2014. Genetic parameters for feather pecking and aggressive behavior in a large F2-cross of laying hens using generalized linear mixed models. Poultry Sci, 93: 810-817. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03638.
  • Bestman M, Wagenaar JP. 2003. Farm level factors associated with feather pecking in organic laying hens. Livestock Prod Sci, 80: 133-140.
  • Bilgili S, Alley M, Hess J, Nagaraj M. 2006. Influence of age and sex on footpad quality and yield in broiler chickens reared on low and high density diets. J App Poultry Res, 15: 433-441.
  • Boz MA, Erensoy K, Uçar A, Sarıca M. 2022. Beç tavuklarında yerleşim sıklığının büyüme, kesim ve karkas özelliklerine etkisi. Hay Üret, 63: 47-56.
  • Boz MA, Sarıca M, Yamak US. 2017. Effect of production system on foot pad dermatitis (FPD) and plumage quality of geese. Eur Poultry Sci, 81.
  • Brunberg E, Jensen P, Isaksson A, Keeling L. 2011. Feather pecking behavior in laying hens: Hypothalamic gene expression in birds performing and receiving pecks. Poultry Sci, 90: 1145-1152. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00961.
  • Buijs S, Keeling L, Rettenbacher S, Van Poucke E, Tuyttens F. 2009. Stocking density effects on broiler welfare: Identifying sensitive ranges for different indicators. Poultry Sci, 88: 1536-1543.
  • Butler LK, Rohwer S, Speidel MG. 2008. Quantifying structural variation in contour feathers to address functional variation and life history trade‐offs. J Avian Biol, 39: 629-639.
  • Channing CE. 1998. Feather pecking in adult laying hens: Can it be associated with pecking at inanimate objects? British Poultry Sci, 39: 15-16. DOI: 10.1080/00071669888106.
  • Colton S, Fraley GS. 2014. The effects of environmental enrichment devices on feather picking in commercially housed Pekin ducks. Poultry Sci, 93: 2143-2150. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-03885.
  • Coton J, Guinebretière M, Guesdon V, Chiron G, Mindus C, Laravoire A, Pauthier G, Balaine L, Descamps M, Bignon L. 2019. Feather pecking in laying hens housed in free-range or furnished-cage systems on French farms. British Poultry Sci, 60: 617-627.
  • Dahlgren RB. 1988. Distribution and abundance of the ring-necked pheasant in North America. Pheasants: symptoms of wildlife problems on agricultural lands. North Central Section of the Wildlife Society, Bloomington, Indiana, USA, pp: 29-43.
  • Dawkins MS, Donnelly CA, Jones TA. 2004. Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density. Nature, 427: 342-344.
  • Draycott R, Pock K, Carroll J. 2002. Sustainable management of a wild pheasant population in Austria. Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft, 48: 346-353.
  • Draycott RA, Woodburn MI, Carroll JP, Sage RB. 2005. Effects of spring supplementary feeding on population density and breeding success of released pheasants Phasianus colchicus in Britain. Wildlife Biol, 11: 177-182.
  • Eichner G, Vieira S, Torres C, Coneglian J, Freitas D, Oyarzabal O. 2007. Litter moisture and footpad dermatitis as affected by diets formulated on an all-vegetable basis or having the inclusion of poultry by-product. J App Poultry Res, 16: 344-350.
  • Freihold D, Bartels T, Bergmann S, Berk J, Deerberg F, Dressel A, Erhard M, Ermakow O, Huchler M, Krautwald-Junghanns ME. 2019. Investigation of the prevalence and severity of foot pad dermatitis at the slaughterhouse in fattening turkeys reared in organic production systems in Germany. Poultry Sci, 98: 1559-1567.
  • Greene JA, McCracken R, Evans R. 1985. A contact dermatitis of broilers‐clinical and pathological findings. Avian Pathol 14: 23-38.
  • Harms R, Damron B, Simpson C. 1977. Effect of wet litter and supplemental biotin and/or whey on the production of foot pad dermatitis in broilers. Poultry Sci, 56: 291-296.
  • HoMeyer I. 1969. Peather Pecking in Pheasants-an Ethological Approach to the Problem. Vildtbiologisk Station, Rende, Denmark, pp: 36.
  • Huber-Eicher B, Wechsler B. 1998. The effect of quality and availability of foraging materials on feather pecking in laying hen chicks. Anim Behav, 55: 861-873.
  • Jameel MA, Khan MF, Awan MN, Nadeem MS, Aslam S, Mehmood S, Ahmad D, Wali R, Rehman Q, Khan MA, Mahmood T. 2022. Population and risk assessment of sympatric pheasant species in Palas Valley. Pakistan. Brazilian J Biol, 84. DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259582.
  • Jensen LS, Martinson R, Schumaier G. 1970. A foot pad dermatitis in turkey poults associated with soybean meal. Poultry Sci, 49: 76-82.
  • Jensen P. 2018. Genetics and genomics of animal welfare. Elsevier, Newyork, UK, pp: 25-48.
  • Jones T, Dawkins M. 2010. Environment and management factors affecting Pekin duck production and welfare on commercial farms in the UK. British Poultry Sci, 51: 12-21.
  • Kjaer J. 2004. Effects of stocking density and group size on the condition of the skin and feathers of pheasant chicks. Vet Record, 154: 556-558.
  • Lay JrD, Fulton R, Hester P, Karcher D, Kjaer J, Mench JA, Mullens B, Newberry RC, Nicol JC, O’Sullivan NP. 2011. Hen welfare in different housing systems. Poultry Sci, 90: 278-294.
  • Leeson S, Walsh T. 2004. Feathering in commercial poultry II. Factors influencing feather growth and feather loss. World's Poultry Sci J, 60: 52-63.
  • Leone EH, Christman MC, Douglass L, Estevez I. 2010. Separating the impact of group size, density, and enclosure size on broiler movement and space use at a decreasing perimeter to area ratio. Behav Proces, 83: 16-22.
  • Liao SC, Lu PX, Shen SY, Hsiao CC, Lien CY, Wang SD, Lin TY, Tu PA. 2021. Effects of different swimming pool conditions and floor types on growth performance and footpad dermatitis in indoor-reared white Roman geese. Animals, 11: 1705.
  • Liebl M, Gierus M, Potthast C, Schedle K. 2022. Influence of Insoluble Dietary Fibre on Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Marker Genes in Caecum, Ileal Morphology, Performance, and Foot Pad Dermatitis in Broiler. Animals, 12: 2069.
  • Liu Z, Wang L, Beasley D, Oviedo E. 2007. Effect of moisture content on ammonia emissions from broiler litter: A laboratory study. J Atmospheric Chem, 58: 41-53.
  • Martland M. 1984. Wet litter as a cause of plantar pododermatitis, leading to foot ulceration and lameness in fattening turkeys. Avian Pathol, 13: 241-252.
  • Mayne R, Else R, Hocking P. 2007. High litter moisture alone is sufficient to cause footpad dermatitis in growing turkeys. British Poultry Sci, 48: 538-545.
  • Miles D, Rowe D, Cathcart T. 2011. High litter moisture content suppresses litter ammonia volatilization. Poultry Sci, 90: 1397-1405.
  • Murphy ME. 1996. Energetics and nutrition of molt. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp: 158-198.
  • Nairn M, Watson A. 1972. Leg weakness of poultry-A clinical and pathological characterisation. Australian Vet J, 48: 645-656.
  • Nauaraj M, Bilgili S, Hess J, Biguzzi F. 2006. Paw burns in broiler chickens are negatively affected high protein and all vegetable diets. Proc Poultry Sci, 55(1): 51-58.
  • Nielsen B. 2009. Welfare of meat producing poultry. Poultry Welfare Symposium, May 18-22, 2009,Cervia, Italy, pp: 36-39.
  • Nilsson JǺ, Svensson E. 1996. The cost of reproduction: a new link between current reproductive effort and future reproductive success. Biol Sci, 263: 711-714.
  • Nørgaard-Nielsen G, Vestergaard K, Simonsen H. 1993. Effects of rearing experience and stimulus enrichment on feather damage in laying hens. App Anim Behav Sci, 38: 345-352.
  • Pagazaurtundua A, Warriss P. 2006. Levels of foot pad dermatitis in broiler chickens reared in 5 different systems. British Poultry Sci, 47: 529-532.
  • Petek M, Topal E, Cavusoglu E. 2015. Effects of age at first access to range area on pecking behaviour and plumage quality of free-range layer chickens. Archives Anim Breed, 58: 85-91.
  • Rodenburg T, Van Krimpen M, De Jong I, De Haas E, Kops M, Riedstra B, Nordquist R, Wagenaar J, Bestman M, Nicol C. 2013. The prevention and control of feather pecking in laying hens: identifying the underlying principles. World's Poultry Sci J, 69: 361-374.
  • Sarica M, Boga S, Yamak US. 2008. The effects of space allowance on egg yield, egg quality and plumage condition of laying hens in battery cages. Czech J Anim Sci, 53: 346-353.
  • Sarıca M, Çam MA. 1998. The effects of reused litter materials on broiler performances and litter properties. Turkish J Vet Anim Sci, 22: 213-220.
  • Sarica M, Yamak US. 2010. The effects of production systems (barn and free-range) on foot pad dermatitis and body defects of white turkeys. J Anim Vet Adv, 9: 958-961.
  • Shepherd E, Fairchild B. 2010. Footpad dermatitis in poultry. Poultry Sci, 89: 2043-2051.
  • Śmiecińska K, Stępień A, Kubiak D. 2022. Effect of variety and sex on the carcass and meat quality traits of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris L.). Animals, 12: 2916.
  • Stettenheim P. 1972. The integument of birds. J Avian Biol, 2: 1-63.
  • Swaddle JP, Witter MS, Cuthill IC, Budden A, McCowen P. 1996. Plumage condition affects flight performance in common starlings: implications for developmental homeostasis, abrasion and moult. J Avian Biol, 27(2): 103-111.
  • Taira K, Nagai T, Obi T, Takase K. 2014. Effect of litter moisture on the development of footpad dermatitis in broiler chickens. J Vet Medic Sci, 76: 583-586.
  • Tauson R, Ambrosen T, Elwinger K. 1984. Evaluation of procedures for scoring the integument of laying hens-Independent scoring of plumage condition. Acta Agri Scandinavica, 34: 400-408.
  • Terčič D, Žolger M, Pestotnik M. 2015. Effect of different litter materials on foot pad dermatitis, hock burn and feather coverage in broiler chickens. Acta Agri Slovenica, 106: 97-101.
  • Uçar A, Sarıca M. 2018. The relationships between egg production, age and the hatching traits of pheasants. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Tech, 6: 1311-1316.
  • Wechsler B, Huber-Eicher B. 1998. The effect of foraging material and perch height on feather pecking and feather damage in laying hens. App Anim Behav Sci, 58: 131-141.
  • Westerskov K. 1955. Notes on the Post-juvenile Moult and First-winter Plumage in the Pheasant. New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs. New Zealand.
  • Wu K, Hocking P. 2011. Turkeys are equally susceptible to foot pad dermatitis from 1 to 10 weeks of age and foot pad scores were minimized when litter moisture was less than 30%. Poultry Sci, 90: 1170-1178.
  • Yamak US, Boz MA, Ucar A, Sarica M, Onder H. 2016a. The effect of eggshell thickness on the hatchability of guinea fowl and pheasants. Brazilian J Poultry Sci, 18: 49-53.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2016b. Effect of reusing litter on broiler performance, foot-pad dermatitis and litter quality in chickens with different growth rates. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 22(1): 85-91.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2018. Effect of production system (barn and free range) and slaughter age on some production traits of guinea fowl. Poultry Sci, 97: 47-53.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA, Ucar A. 2020. Effect of production system and age on the growth performance and carcass traits of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Annals Anim Sci, 20(1): 219-229.
  • Yamak US, Sarica M. 2012. Relationships between feather score and egg production and feed consumption of different layer hybrids kept in conventional cages. Archiv fur Geflügelkunde, 76: 31-37.
  • Youssef I, Beineke A, Rohn K, Kamphues J. 2011. Effects of litter quality (moisture, ammonia, uric acid) on development and severity of foot pad dermatitis in growing turkeys. Avian Diseas, 55: 51-58.
  • Zapletal D, Suchý P, Straková E, Vitula F, Kuchtík J. 2011. Behaviour patterns of the cage-housed breeding flock of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Acta Univ Agric, 59: 215-220.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Uçar 0000-0002-0640-3965

Mehmet Akif Boz 0000-0002-7452-6895

Musa Sarıca 0000-0001-5331-0596

Early Pub Date April 30, 2023
Publication Date May 1, 2023
Submission Date December 30, 2022
Acceptance Date March 2, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Uçar, A., Boz, M. A., & Sarıca, M. (2023). The Effect of Rearing System on Plumage Quality and Foot-Pad Dermatitis in Guinea Fowls and Pheasants. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 6(3), 215-225. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1226796

Cited By

The effects of stocking density on growth, morphological development, behavior, and welfare parameters in pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)
Tropical Animal Health and Production
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03856-1
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