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Antropojenik Faaliyetler Nedeniyle Değişen Çevrenin Yarasalar Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 1449 - 1459, 26.09.2020

Atilla Arslan Mesut Baş

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.689189

Abstract

Ekosistemin en önemli dinamiklerinden olan yarasalar, birçok bulaşıcı hastalığın kaynağını oluşturan ve ayrıca tarım için zararlı etkileri olan böcek populasyonunun kontrolünü sağlar. Günümüzde küresel ekosistemin insanlar tarafından değiştirilmesi nedeniyle birçok bilim adamının hemfikir olduğu yeni bir jeolojik çağın -Antroposen Çağı- başlangıcı tetiklenmektedir. Birçok canlı antropojenik faaliyetleri tolere edip insanlarında içinde bulundukları habitatlarda hayatlarını sürdürmeye devam ederken, canlıların büyük çoğunluğu da dramatik bir şekilde popülasyonlarında düşüş yaşamaktadır. Tüm bu olanların sonucunda da gezegenimiz altıncı büyük yokoluşa doğru itilmektedir. Yarasalar, yaşam döngüleri, beslenme şekilleri, habiatatları, düşük üreme hızı ve yüksek metabolik hızları nedeniyle antropojenik değişikliklere özellikle açıktırlar. Yarasaların %16’sının IUCN tarafından Kritik Olarak Tehlikeli, Nesli Tehlikede ve Hassas konumda oldukları belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada antropojenik faaliyetlerin yarasalar üzerinde nasıl bir etki oluşturduğu vurgulanmıştır. Amacımız, bizim de nokturnal olmaları nedeniyle pek de farkında olmadığımız yarasalar hakkında farkındalık oluşmasını sağlamaktır.

Keywords

ekoloji ekosistem korunma statüsü

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Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 1449 - 1459, 26.09.2020

Atilla Arslan Mesut Baş

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.689189

Abstract

References

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  • 2. Ciais P., Sabine C., Bala G., Bopp L., Brovkin V., et al. 2013. The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to The Fifth Assessment Report of The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC Climate Change, 465-570.
  • 3. Gray V. 2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Summary for Policymakers. Energy & Environment, 18 (3-4): 433-40.
  • 4. Canfield D.E., Glazer A.N., Falkowski P.G. 2010. The Evolution and Future of Earth’s Nitrogen Cycle. Science, 330 (6001): 192-6.
  • 5. Krausmann F., Erb K.H., Gingrich S., Haberl H., Bondeau A., et al. 2013. Global Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production Doubled in the 20th Century. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 110 (25): 10324-9.
  • 6. Barnosky A.D., Matzke N., Tomiya S., Wogan G.O., Swartz B., et al. 2011. Has the Earth’s Sixth Mass Extinction Already Arrived. Nature, 471 (7336): 51.
  • 7. Lewis S.L., Maslin M.A. 2015. Defining the Anthropocene. Nature, 519 (7542): 171-80.
  • 8. Mehlhorn H. 2014. Introduction: The World of Bats. Bats (Chiroptera) as Vectors of Diseases and Parasites. Springer, 1-5.
  • 9. Ducummon S.L. 2000. Ecological and Economic Importance of Bats. Bat Conservation International, Austin, TX.
  • 10. Zinn T.L., Humphrey S.R. 1981. Seasonal Food Resources and Prey Selection of the Southeastern Brown Bat (Myotis Austroriparius) in Florida. Florida Scientist, 81-90.
  • 11. Kunz T.H., Whitaker J., Wadanoli M. 1995. Dietary Energetics of the Insectivorous Mexican Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis) During Pregnancy and Lactation. Oecologia, 101 (4): 407-15.
  • 12. Kasso M., Balakrishnan M. 2013. Ecological and Economic Importance of Bats (Order Chiroptera). ISRN Biodiversity.
  • 13. Boyles J.G., Cryan P.M., McCracken G.F., Kunz T.H. 2011. Economic Importance of Bats in Agriculture. Science, 332 (6025): 41-2.
  • 14. Fujita M.S., Tuttle M.D. 1991. Flying Foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae): Threatened Animals of Key Ecological and Economic Importance. Conservation Biology, 5 (4): 455-63.
  • 15. Hill J., Smith J. 1984. Bats: A Natural History. Journal of Mammology, 121-2.
  • 16. Buchler E. 1975. Food Transit Time in Myotis lucifugus Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae. Journal of Mammalogy, 56 (1): 252-5.
  • 17. Frick W.F., Reynolds D.S., Kunz T.H. 2010. Influence of Climate and Reproductive Timing on Demography of Little Brown Myotis Myotis Lucifugus. Journal of Animal Ecology, 79 (1): 128-36.
  • 18. Jones G., Jacobs D.S., Kunz T.H., Willig M.R., Racey P.A. 2009. Carpe Noctem: The Importance of Bats as Bioindicators. Endangered Species Research, 8 (1-2): 93-115.
  • 19. Walker L., Simpson V., Rockett L., Wienburg C., Shore R. 2007. Heavy Metal Contamination in Bats in Britain. Environmental Pollution, 148 (2): 483-90.
  • 20. Wickramasinghe L.P., Harris S., Jones G., Vaughan N. 2003. Bat Activity and Species Richness on Organic and Conventional Farms: Impact of Agricultural Intensification. Journal of Applied Ecology, 40 (6): 984-93.
  • 21. Dietz C., Nill D., von Helversen O. 2009. Bats of Britain, Europe and Northwest Africa. A & C Black.
  • 22. Stebbings R.E. 1988. The conservation of European bats. Christopher Helm Pub Limited.
  • 23. Stone E.L., Jones G., Harris S. 2009. Street Lighting Disturbs Commuting Bats. Current Biology, 19 (13): 1123-7.
  • 24. Anthony E.L., Kunz T.H. 1977. Feeding Strategies of the Little Brown Bat, Myotis lucifugus, in Southern New Hampshire. Ecology, 58 (4): 775-86.
  • 25. Podlutsky A.J., Khritankov A.M., Ovodov N.D., Austad S.N. 2005. A New Field Record for Bat Longevity. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 60 (11): 1366-8.
  • 26. Hickey M., Fenton M., MacDonald K., Soulliere C. 2001. Trace Elements in The Fur of Bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) From Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 66 (6): 699-706.
  • 27. Allinson G., Mispagel C., Kajiwara N., Anan Y., Hashimoto J., et al. 2006. Organochlorine and Trace Metal Residues in Adult Southern Bent-Wing Bat (Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii) in Southeastern Australia. Chemosphere, 64 (9): 1464-71.
  • 28. Lilley T.M., Meierjohann A., Ruokolainen L., Peltonen J., Vesterinen E., et al. 2012. Reed Beds May Facilitate Transfer of Tributyltin From Aquatic to Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Insect Vectors in The Archipelago Sea, SW Finland. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31 (8): 1781-7.
  • 29. Korine C., Adams R., Russo D., Fisher-Phelps M., Jacobs D. 2016. Bats and Water: Anthropogenic Alterations Threaten Global Bat Populations. Bats in The Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World. Springer, Cham, 215-41.
  • 30. Pikula J., Zukal J., Adam V., Bandouchova H., Beklova M., et al. 2010. Heavy Metals and Metallothionein in Vespertilionid Bats Foraging Over Aquatic Habitats in the Czech Republic. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: An International Journal, 29 (3): 501-6.
  • 31. Park K.J., Müller C.T., Markman S., Swinscow-Hall O., Pascoe D., et al. 2009. Detection of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Aerial Invertebrates at Sewage Treatment Works. Chemosphere, 77 (11): 1459-64.
  • 32. Clark Jr.D., Hothem R.L. 1991. Mammal Mortality at Arizona, California, and Nevada Gold Mines Using Cyanide Extraction. California Fish and Game, 77 (2): 61-9.
  • 33. Petit M.G., Altenbach J.S. 1973. A Chronological Record of Environmental Chemicals From Analysis of Stratified Vertebrate Excretion Deposited in a Sheltered Environment. Environmental Research, 6 (3): 339-43.
  • 34. Forman R.T., Sperling D., Bissonette J.A., Clevenger A.P., Cutshall C.D., et al. 2003. Road ecology: science and solutions, Island Press.
  • 35. Berthinussen A., Altringham J. 2012. The Effect of a Major Road on Bat Activity and Diversity. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49 (1): 82-9.
  • 36. Altringham J, Kerth G. Bats and roads. In: Voigt CCV & Kingston T (eds.) Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World: Springer Science+ Business Media; 2016.
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There are 96 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Corrigendum
Authors

Atilla Arslan 0000-0002-4766-4969

Mesut Baş 0000-0001-5380-3366

Publication Date September 26, 2020
Submission Date February 14, 2020
Acceptance Date April 28, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE A. Arslan and M. Baş, “Antropojenik Faaliyetler Nedeniyle Değişen Çevrenin Yarasalar Üzerine Etkileri”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1449–1459, 2020, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.689189.
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