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Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar

Year 2022, Volume: 51 Issue: 2, 127 - 138, 21.11.2022

Mustafa Kemal Soylu Min-gu Kang Yong Seub Shın

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1206962

Abstract

Türkiye’de mantar yetiştiriciliğinin önemli bir kısmını Agaricus bisporus kültür mantarı oluşturmaktadır. Son zamanlarda kayın mantarı (Pleurotus spp.), Shiitake mantarı (Lentinula edodes) ve Reishi mantarı (Ganoderma lucidum) gibi egzotik ve tıbbi mantarların yetiştiriciliğine olan ilgi artmaktadır. Türkiye’de egzotik ve tıbbi mantarların yetiştiriciliğinde yaygın olarak plastik torba sistemi kullanılmaktadır. Şişe kültürü, otoklav ısısına dayanıklı, polipropilen benzeri materyallerden yapılmış şişelerde yapılan bir yetiştirme tekniğidir. Mantar yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan substrat bu şişelere doldurulmakta ve sterilize edilmektedir. Tohumluk misel ekimi yapıldıktan sonra mantar oluşumu bu şişelerde sağlanmaktadır. Türkiye’de şişe kültüründe yetiştiricilik özel sektör bazında henüz yapılmamaktadır. Çin, Japonya ve Güney Kore gibi Uzakdoğu ülkelerinde ise şişe kültüründe yetiştiricilik yaygın olarak yapılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda, Bazı Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde ve ABD’de de şişe kültüründe yetiştiricilik yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu sistemle Pleurotus mantarı türleri (Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus vb.) Hypsizygus tessulatus, Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), Maitake mantarı (Grifolia frondosa), Enoki mantarı (Flammulina velutipes) ve Aslan yelesi (Hericium erinaceus) gibi birçok mantar yetiştiriciliği yapılabilmektedir. Şişe kültürü mekanize sistem olup, daha az işçilik gerektirir. Sıvı misel kullanımına olanak verdiğinden, daha hızlı bir misel sarımı gerçekleşir. Şişelerin boşaltılması ve temizlenmesinde de mekanize sistemler kullanılmaktadır. Güney Kore’de bulunan Gyeongsangbuk-Do Tarımsal Araştırma ve Yayım Hizmetleri ile yapılan işbirliği anlaşması çerçevesinde, şişe kültüründe mantar yetiştiriciliği Güney Kore’de incelenmiş ve şişe kültürü teknolojisi ülkemize transfer edilmiştir. Şişe kültürünün kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla Türkiye’de egzotik ve tıbbi mantarların endüstriyel üretiminin çok hızlı bir şekilde gelişeceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Keywords

Mantar yetiştiricilik şişe kültürü otomasyon sıvı misel

References

  • Chen, L., Qian, L., Zhang, X., Li, J.Z., Zhang, Z.J., Chen, X.M., 2022. Research progress on indoor environment of mushroom factory. Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng. 15(1):25-32.
  • Choi, J.I., Lee, Y.H., Ha, T.M., Jeon, D.H., Chi, J.H., Shin, P.G., 2015. Characteristics of new mid-high temperature adaptable oyster mushroom variety “Heuktari” for bottle culture. Journal of Mushrooms ISSN:1738-0294, 13(1):74-78.
  • Choi, J.I., Kim, J.H., Lee, Y.H., Gwon, H.M., Shin, B.E.G.O., Ha, T.M., Jung, G.H., 2020. Couse of undeveloped primordium formation according to incubation temperature of new oyster mushroom cultivar “Heuktari”, for bottle cultivation. Journal of Mushrooms (1842.317.322) ISSN:1738-0294.
  • Eren, E., Pekşen, A., 2016. Türkiye’de kültür mantarı sektörünün durumu ve geleceğine bakış. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknolojisi Dergisi, 4(3):189-196.
  • FAOSTAT, 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations of Statically Data, (http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/qc).
  • Jang, M.J., Lee, Y.H., 2014. Effect of nutrient substrates on Pleurotus ostreatus in bottle culture, Journal of Mushroom. (doi:10.14480/JM.2014. 12.4.367) 12(4):367-370.
  • Jeoung, Y.K., Kim, J.H., Baek, I.S., Lee, Y.S., Kang, Y.J., Chi, J.H., 2018. Effects of substrate composition on the primordia and growth of fruiting body in Pleurotus nebrodensis during bottle cultivation. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM. 2018.16.1.1) Journal of Mushroom 16(1):1-8.
  • Kim, J.H., Ha, T.M., Ju, Y.C.I., 2005. Selection of substitute medium of cotton seed pomace on the oyster mushroom for bottle cultivation. Korea Journal of Mushrooms 3:105-108.
  • Kong, W.S., Cho, Y.H., Jhune, C.S., Yoo, Y.B., Kim, K.H., 2004. Breeding of Flammulina velutipes strains adaptable to elevated-temperature. Mycobiology 32(1):11-16.
  • Lee, B.J., Kim, Y.G., Kim, H.K., Yang, E.S., Lim, Y.P., 2010. Studies on the development of mushroom media for bottle culture in new Pleurotus ostreatus ‘Miso’. Journal of Mushroom 8(1):37-40.
  • Lee, C.J., H.S. Han, C.S. Jhune, J.C. Cheong, J.A. Oh, W.S. Kong, G.C. Park, C.G. Park, Y.S. Shin, 2011. Development of new substrate using red ginseng marc for bottle culture of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). (doi:10.14480/ JM.2011.9.4.139) Journal of Mushroom 9(4):139-144.
  • Lee, C.J., Lee, E.J., Park, H.S., Kong, W.S., 2019. Growth characteristics of oyster mushroom in bottle cultivation with addition of cottonseed meal. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2019.17.3.162) Journal of Mushroom 17(3):162-166.
  • Li, C.T., Tan, Q., Bian, Y.B., Xie, B.G., Liu, Z.Q., Li, Y., 2019. The status and prospection of edible mushroom industry in China. Journal Fungal Research, 17(1):1-10. (in Chinese).
  • Li, H., Shi, L., Tang, W., Xia, W., Zhong, Y., Xu, X., Xie, B., Tao, Y., 2022. Comprehensive genetic analysis of monokaryon and dikaryon populations provides insight into cross-breeding of Flammulina filiformis. (2022 Jul 5) Front Microbiol. 13:887259. (doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022. 887259. PMID:35865932; PMCID:PMC9294462
  • Oei, 2016. Mushroom cultivation IV, appropriate technology for mushroom growers. ECO Consult Foundation, Netherlands. ISBN:978-90825129-0-8.
  • Oss, O., Oeric, E., 1976. Psilocybin magic mushrooms grower’s guide. Pres, Berkeley, California.
  • Rodriguez Estrada, A.E., Pecchia, J., 2017. Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: Technology and Applications, pp:339-360.
  • San Antonio, J.P., 1971. A laboratory method to obtain fruit from cased grain spawns of cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Mycologia 63:16-21.
  • Singh, C.S., Singh, R., Kanujia, R.S., 2006. Bottle culture: a suitable method for oyster mushroom cultivation. (ISSN:0971-782X) Environmental Biology and Conservation, 11:25-26.
  • Soylu, M.K., Kang, M., 2016. Mushroom cultivation in South Korea. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 4(3):225-229.
  • Soylu, M.K., Baybaş, B., 2019. Yerli ve yabancı bazı Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. izolatlarının şişe kültürü teknolojisinde verim ve kalite performansları. 11. Yemeklik Mantar Kongresi, 9-11 Ekim 2019, Samsun.
  • Soylu, M.K., Öztürk, M., Yalçın, M., 2019. Şişe kültüründe egzotik mantar yetiştiriciliğinde şişe kültürü teknolojisinin transferi ve mantar üretimi mükemmeliyet merkezi. Doğu Marmara Kalkınma Ajansı (MARKA Proje Sonuç Raporu).
  • Stamets, P., 2000. Growing gourmet and medicinal mushrooms third edition. (ISBN:978-1-58008-175-7) Berkeley: Ten Speed Press, 574p.
  • Stamets, P., 2005. Mycelium running: how mushrooms can help save the world. (ISBN:978-1-58-008579-3) Berkeley: Ten Speed Press, 343p.
  • Won, S.Y., Jang, M.J., Ju, Y.C., Lee, Y.B., 2010. Optimum CO₂ concentration for fruit-body formation and yield of Pleurotus ferulae mushroom in the growing facility for bottle cultivation. (in Korean) Journal of Bio-Environment Control, 19(2):77-81.
  • Won, S.Y., Lee, Y.H., Jeon, D.H., Joo, Y.C., Lee, Y.B., 2010. Development of new mushroom substrate using kapok seedcake for bottle culture of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). (https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2010.38.2.130) The Korean Journal of Mycology 38(2):130-135.
  • Woo-Sik, Jo, J.S. Kim, D.H. Cho, S.D. Park, H.Y. Jung, 2008. Fruit body development of Pleurotus ostreatus via bottle cultivation using recycled substrate. (doi:10.4489/myco.2008.36.3.157) Mycobiology 36(3):157-160.
  • Yamanaka, K., 2017. Cultivation of mushrooms in plastic bottles and small bags. In: Zied DC, Pardo-Gimenez A (eds) Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms Technology and Applications.
  • Yoo, Y.J., Shim, K.K., Koo, C.D., Kim, M.K., 2012-a. Studies on the aeration improvement of inner bottle (850 ml) culture system during the mycelial culture of Pleurotus ostreatus. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2012.10.2.057) Journal of Mushroom 10(2):57-62.
  • Yoo, Y.J., Shim, K.K., Koo, C.D., Kim, M.K., 2012-b. Studies on the aeration improvement of inner bottle (1100 ml) culture system during the mycelial culture of Pleurotus ostreatus. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2012.10.2.068) Journal of Mushroom 10(2):68-73.

Bottle Culture Technology in Mushroom Cultivation and Studies in Türkiye

Year 2022, Volume: 51 Issue: 2, 127 - 138, 21.11.2022

Mustafa Kemal Soylu Min-gu Kang Yong Seub Shın

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1206962

Abstract

Agaricus bisporus (bottom mushroom) constitutes an important part of mushroom cultivation in Türkiye. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the cultivation of exotic and medicinal mushrooms such as oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum). Plastic bag system is widely used in the cultivation of exotic and medicinal mushrooms in Türkiye. Bottle culture is a cultivation technique in bottles made of autoclave heat resistant, polypropylene-like materials. The substrate used in mushroom cultivation is filled into these bottles and sterilized. The formation of the fruit body is provided in these bottles after the inoculating of spawn. Bottle culture cultivation in Türkiye is not carried out by the private sector. However, in Far East Countries such as China, Japan and South Korea, bottle cultivation is widely practiced. Recently, bottle cultivation has started in some European Union countries and the USA too. Many mushroom species such as Pleurotus species (Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus), Hypsizygus tessulatus, Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), Maitake (Grifolia frondosa), Enoki (Flammulina velutipes) and Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) can be cultivated in this system. Bottle culture is mechanized system and requires less labor. A faster mycelia development may be obtained in the substrate since it allows the use of liquid mycelium. Mechanized systems are also used for cleaning and washing bottles. Bottle culture technology was transferred to Türkiye via the cooperation agreement with Gyeongsangbuk-Do Agricultural Research and Extension services in South Korea. We think that with the common use of bottle culture, the industrial production of exotic and medicinal mushrooms will develop very quickly in Türkiye.

Keywords

Mushroom cultivation bottle culture automation liquid mycelium

References

  • Chen, L., Qian, L., Zhang, X., Li, J.Z., Zhang, Z.J., Chen, X.M., 2022. Research progress on indoor environment of mushroom factory. Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng. 15(1):25-32.
  • Choi, J.I., Lee, Y.H., Ha, T.M., Jeon, D.H., Chi, J.H., Shin, P.G., 2015. Characteristics of new mid-high temperature adaptable oyster mushroom variety “Heuktari” for bottle culture. Journal of Mushrooms ISSN:1738-0294, 13(1):74-78.
  • Choi, J.I., Kim, J.H., Lee, Y.H., Gwon, H.M., Shin, B.E.G.O., Ha, T.M., Jung, G.H., 2020. Couse of undeveloped primordium formation according to incubation temperature of new oyster mushroom cultivar “Heuktari”, for bottle cultivation. Journal of Mushrooms (1842.317.322) ISSN:1738-0294.
  • Eren, E., Pekşen, A., 2016. Türkiye’de kültür mantarı sektörünün durumu ve geleceğine bakış. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknolojisi Dergisi, 4(3):189-196.
  • FAOSTAT, 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations of Statically Data, (http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/qc).
  • Jang, M.J., Lee, Y.H., 2014. Effect of nutrient substrates on Pleurotus ostreatus in bottle culture, Journal of Mushroom. (doi:10.14480/JM.2014. 12.4.367) 12(4):367-370.
  • Jeoung, Y.K., Kim, J.H., Baek, I.S., Lee, Y.S., Kang, Y.J., Chi, J.H., 2018. Effects of substrate composition on the primordia and growth of fruiting body in Pleurotus nebrodensis during bottle cultivation. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM. 2018.16.1.1) Journal of Mushroom 16(1):1-8.
  • Kim, J.H., Ha, T.M., Ju, Y.C.I., 2005. Selection of substitute medium of cotton seed pomace on the oyster mushroom for bottle cultivation. Korea Journal of Mushrooms 3:105-108.
  • Kong, W.S., Cho, Y.H., Jhune, C.S., Yoo, Y.B., Kim, K.H., 2004. Breeding of Flammulina velutipes strains adaptable to elevated-temperature. Mycobiology 32(1):11-16.
  • Lee, B.J., Kim, Y.G., Kim, H.K., Yang, E.S., Lim, Y.P., 2010. Studies on the development of mushroom media for bottle culture in new Pleurotus ostreatus ‘Miso’. Journal of Mushroom 8(1):37-40.
  • Lee, C.J., H.S. Han, C.S. Jhune, J.C. Cheong, J.A. Oh, W.S. Kong, G.C. Park, C.G. Park, Y.S. Shin, 2011. Development of new substrate using red ginseng marc for bottle culture of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). (doi:10.14480/ JM.2011.9.4.139) Journal of Mushroom 9(4):139-144.
  • Lee, C.J., Lee, E.J., Park, H.S., Kong, W.S., 2019. Growth characteristics of oyster mushroom in bottle cultivation with addition of cottonseed meal. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2019.17.3.162) Journal of Mushroom 17(3):162-166.
  • Li, C.T., Tan, Q., Bian, Y.B., Xie, B.G., Liu, Z.Q., Li, Y., 2019. The status and prospection of edible mushroom industry in China. Journal Fungal Research, 17(1):1-10. (in Chinese).
  • Li, H., Shi, L., Tang, W., Xia, W., Zhong, Y., Xu, X., Xie, B., Tao, Y., 2022. Comprehensive genetic analysis of monokaryon and dikaryon populations provides insight into cross-breeding of Flammulina filiformis. (2022 Jul 5) Front Microbiol. 13:887259. (doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022. 887259. PMID:35865932; PMCID:PMC9294462
  • Oei, 2016. Mushroom cultivation IV, appropriate technology for mushroom growers. ECO Consult Foundation, Netherlands. ISBN:978-90825129-0-8.
  • Oss, O., Oeric, E., 1976. Psilocybin magic mushrooms grower’s guide. Pres, Berkeley, California.
  • Rodriguez Estrada, A.E., Pecchia, J., 2017. Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: Technology and Applications, pp:339-360.
  • San Antonio, J.P., 1971. A laboratory method to obtain fruit from cased grain spawns of cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Mycologia 63:16-21.
  • Singh, C.S., Singh, R., Kanujia, R.S., 2006. Bottle culture: a suitable method for oyster mushroom cultivation. (ISSN:0971-782X) Environmental Biology and Conservation, 11:25-26.
  • Soylu, M.K., Kang, M., 2016. Mushroom cultivation in South Korea. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 4(3):225-229.
  • Soylu, M.K., Baybaş, B., 2019. Yerli ve yabancı bazı Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. izolatlarının şişe kültürü teknolojisinde verim ve kalite performansları. 11. Yemeklik Mantar Kongresi, 9-11 Ekim 2019, Samsun.
  • Soylu, M.K., Öztürk, M., Yalçın, M., 2019. Şişe kültüründe egzotik mantar yetiştiriciliğinde şişe kültürü teknolojisinin transferi ve mantar üretimi mükemmeliyet merkezi. Doğu Marmara Kalkınma Ajansı (MARKA Proje Sonuç Raporu).
  • Stamets, P., 2000. Growing gourmet and medicinal mushrooms third edition. (ISBN:978-1-58008-175-7) Berkeley: Ten Speed Press, 574p.
  • Stamets, P., 2005. Mycelium running: how mushrooms can help save the world. (ISBN:978-1-58-008579-3) Berkeley: Ten Speed Press, 343p.
  • Won, S.Y., Jang, M.J., Ju, Y.C., Lee, Y.B., 2010. Optimum CO₂ concentration for fruit-body formation and yield of Pleurotus ferulae mushroom in the growing facility for bottle cultivation. (in Korean) Journal of Bio-Environment Control, 19(2):77-81.
  • Won, S.Y., Lee, Y.H., Jeon, D.H., Joo, Y.C., Lee, Y.B., 2010. Development of new mushroom substrate using kapok seedcake for bottle culture of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). (https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2010.38.2.130) The Korean Journal of Mycology 38(2):130-135.
  • Woo-Sik, Jo, J.S. Kim, D.H. Cho, S.D. Park, H.Y. Jung, 2008. Fruit body development of Pleurotus ostreatus via bottle cultivation using recycled substrate. (doi:10.4489/myco.2008.36.3.157) Mycobiology 36(3):157-160.
  • Yamanaka, K., 2017. Cultivation of mushrooms in plastic bottles and small bags. In: Zied DC, Pardo-Gimenez A (eds) Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms Technology and Applications.
  • Yoo, Y.J., Shim, K.K., Koo, C.D., Kim, M.K., 2012-a. Studies on the aeration improvement of inner bottle (850 ml) culture system during the mycelial culture of Pleurotus ostreatus. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2012.10.2.057) Journal of Mushroom 10(2):57-62.
  • Yoo, Y.J., Shim, K.K., Koo, C.D., Kim, M.K., 2012-b. Studies on the aeration improvement of inner bottle (1100 ml) culture system during the mycelial culture of Pleurotus ostreatus. (https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2012.10.2.068) Journal of Mushroom 10(2):68-73.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Horticultural Production
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Mustafa Kemal Soylu 0000-0003-3492-0043

Min-gu Kang This is me 0000-0002-7821-0660

Yong Seub Shın This is me 0000-0001-7270-0637

Publication Date November 21, 2022
Submission Date June 22, 2022
Acceptance Date November 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 51 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Soylu, M. K., Kang, M.-g., & Shın, Y. S. (2022). Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar. Bahçe, 51(2), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1206962
AMA Soylu MK, Kang Mg, Shın YS. Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar. Bahçe. November 2022;51(2):127-138. doi:10.53471/bahce.1206962
Chicago Soylu, Mustafa Kemal, Min-gu Kang, and Yong Seub Shın. “Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi Ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar”. Bahçe 51, no. 2 (November 2022): 127-38. https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1206962.
EndNote Soylu MK, Kang M-g, Shın YS (November 1, 2022) Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar. Bahçe 51 2 127–138.
IEEE M. K. Soylu, M.-g. Kang, and Y. S. Shın, “Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar”, Bahçe, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 127–138, 2022, doi: 10.53471/bahce.1206962.
ISNAD Soylu, Mustafa Kemal et al. “Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi Ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar”. Bahçe 51/2 (November 2022), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1206962.
JAMA Soylu MK, Kang M-g, Shın YS. Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar. Bahçe. 2022;51:127–138.
MLA Soylu, Mustafa Kemal et al. “Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi Ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar”. Bahçe, vol. 51, no. 2, 2022, pp. 127-38, doi:10.53471/bahce.1206962.
Vancouver Soylu MK, Kang M-g, Shın YS. Mantarda Şişe Kültürü Teknolojisi ve Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar. Bahçe. 2022;51(2):127-38.
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