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: Investigation of Difficulty Scales Based on Surgical Extraction of Impacted Third Molars: Review

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 307 - 312, 13.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.54617/adoklinikbilimler.1266813

Abstract

One of the most common operations in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery is the extraction of impacted third molars. Evaluation of the difficulty of extraction before the procedure can change many things, from the physician’s decision whether to perform the surgical procedure himself, to the time and planning of the operation. Due to the high diversity of cases, factors that increase surgical difficulty are difficult to assess. The ability to predict surgical difficulty based on the surgeon’s experience is controversial. This situation has revealed the necessity of an evidence-based system to estimate surgical difficulty that surgeons can use in every case. In order to meet this need in the literature, some of the systems proposed by the studies conducted since 1976 contain contradictory reports, while others contain variations that repeat each other and cause confusion. The purpose of this review is to collect studies that have been established to evaluate the impacted third molars extraction difficulty and to provide the strongest and up-to-date evidence most relevant to clinical use. In this review, articles in Turkish and English were searched on Pubmed, Cohrane, Google Scholar platforms with keywords, and the literature directly related to the subject, which was published in the last ten years and received many references, was examined.

References

  • Bali A, Bali D, Sharma A, Verma G. Is Pederson index a true predictive difficulty index for impacted mandibular third molar surgery? A meta-analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;12:359-64.
  • Gay-Escoda C, Sánchez-Torres A, Borrás-Ferreres J, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Third molar surgical difficulty scales: systematic review and preoperative assessment form. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022;27:e68-76.
  • Akadiri OA, Obiechina AE. Assessment of difficulty in third molar surgery—a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;67:771-4.
  • Önder H. Gömülü alt yirmi yaş dişlerinin sistemik, klinik ve radyolojik değerlendirmeler yardımıyla cerrahi zorluk skalasının oluşturulması[tez]. Kırıkkale: Kırıkkale Üniversitesi; 2019.
  • Roy I, Baliga SD, Louis A, Rao S. Importance of clinical and radiological parameters in assessment of surgical difficulty in removal of impacted mandibular 3rd molars: a new index. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;14:745-9.
  • De Carvalho R, Vasconcelos B. Pernambuco index: Predictability of the complexity of surgery for impacted lower third molars. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018;47:234-40.
  • Zhang X, Wang L, Gao Z, Li J, Shan Z. Development of a new index to assess the difficulty level of surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars in an Asian population. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019;77:1358. e1-e8.
  • El Ghoul R, Aoun G, Kamar B, Aad G, Berberi A. Assessment of the Difficulty of the Third Molar Surgery in A Sample of the Lebanese Population. JOJ scin 2022; 3:555603.
  • Hashemipour MA, Tahmasbi-Arashlow M, Fahimi-Hanzaei F. Incidence of impacted mandibular and maxillary third molars: a radiographic study in a Southeast Iran population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013;18:e140.
  • Yilmaz S, Adisen MZ, Misirlioglu M, Yorubulut S. Assessment of third molar impaction pattern and associated clinical symptoms in a central anatolian turkish population. Med Princ Pract 2016;25:169-75.
  • Jaron A, Trybek G. The Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction and Assessment of Surgery Difficulty: A Retrospective Study of Radiographs in East Baltic Population. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18:6016.
  • Göksu VC, Ersoy HE, Eberliköse H, Yücel ZE. Gömülü Mandibular Üçüncü Molar Diş Pozisyonlarının Demografik Olarak İncelenmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi 2021;10:165-71.
  • Bello SA, Adeyemo WL, Bamgbose BO, Obi EV, Adeyinka AA. Effect of age, impaction types and operative time on inflammatory tissue reactions following lower third molar surgery. Head Face Med 2011;7:1-8.
  • Garcı́a AGa, Sampedro FG, Rey JG, Vila PG, Martin MS. Pell-Gregory classification is unreliable as a predictor of difficulty in extracting impacted lower third molars. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2000;38:585-7.
  • Passi D, Singh G, Dutta S, Srivastava D, Chandra L, Mishra S, et al. Study of pattern and prevalence of mandibular impacted third molar among Delhi-National Capital Region population with newer proposed classification of mandibular impacted third molar: A retrospective study Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2019;10:59-67.
  • Bhansali SP, Bhansali S, Tiwari A. Review of Difficulty Indices for Removal of Impacted Third Molars and a New Classification of Difficulty Indices. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021;20:167-79.
  • Sekhar MR, Singh S, Valluri R. Correlation of Variables for WHARFE Assessment and Pederson Difficulty Index for Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery—A Prospective Clinical Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021;20:502-6.
  • Yuasa H, Kawai T, Sugiura M. Classification of surgical difficulty in extracting impacted third molars. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2002;40:26-31.
  • de Baranda BS, Silvestre F-J, Silvestre-Rangil J. Relationship between surgical difficulty of third molar extraction under local anesthesia and the postoperative evolution of clinical and blood parameters. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019;77:1337-45.
  • Al-Samman AA. Evaluation of Kharma scale as a predictor of lower third molar extraction difficulty. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2017;22:e796.
  • Barreiro Torres J, Diniz Freitas M, Lago Méndez L, Gude Sampedro F, Gándara Rey JM, García García A. Evaluation of the surgical difficulty in lower third molar extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2010;15:e869-74.
  • Sammartino G, Gasparro R, Marenzi G, Trosino O, Mariniello M, Riccitiello F. Extraction of mandibular third molars: proposal of a new scale of difficulty. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2017;55:952-7.
  • Janjua OS, Baig Z, Manzoor A, Abbas T. Accuracy of Pederson and modified Parant scale for predicting difficulty level of mandibular third molars. Arch Orofac Sci 2013;8:9-13.
  • Kharma MY, Sakka S, Aws G, Tarakji B, Nassani MZ. Reliability of Pederson scale in surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: proposal of new scale. Journal of Oral Diseases 2014;2014:1-4.
  • Lambade P, Dawane P, Mali D. Assessment of difficulty in mandibular third molar surgery by Lambade-Dawane-Mali’s index. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 Mar 13:S0278-2391(23)00210-0. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.02.013.
  • Pippi R, Bufacchi J, Pietrantoni A. Are there difficulty variables in maxillary third molar surgery? A prospective observational cohort study. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022 Oct 26. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6329.22.04665-4.

Gömülü Üçüncü Molar Dişlerin Cerrahi Çekimi Üzerine Oluşturulmuş Zorluk Skalalarının İncelenmesi: Derleme

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 307 - 312, 13.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.54617/adoklinikbilimler.1266813

Abstract

Ağız diş ve çene cerrahisi uygulama alanında en sık yapılan operasyonlardan biri gömülü 20 yaş dişlerinin çekimidir. İşlem öncesi çekim zorluğunun değerlendirilmesi hekimin cerrahi işlemi kendisinin yapıp yapmamaya karar vermesinden, operasyon zamanı ve planlamasına kadar birçok şeyi değiştirebilir. Vakaların yüksek çeşitliliği sebebiyle cerrahi zorluğu artıran faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi zordur. Cerrahın deneyimine dayalı olarak cerrahi zorluğu tahmin etme yeteneği tartışmalıdır. Bu durum
cerrahlar için her vakada kullanabileceği, cerrahi zorluğun tahminini verecek kanıta dayalı bir sistemin gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Literatürde bu ihtiyacı gidermek adına 1976’dan günümüze dek yapılmış çalışmaların önerdiği sistemlerin bazıları çelişkili raporlar içermekte, bazılarıysa birbirini tekrar niteliğinde olan varyasyonlar barındırmakta ve karışıklığa sebep olmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı gömülü 20 yaş çekim zorluğunu değerlendirmek için oluşturulmuş çalışmaları toplamak ve klinik
kullanıma en uygun güçlü ve güncel kanıtların oluşturulmasını sağlamaktır. Bu derlemede Pubmed, Cohrane, Google Scholar platformları üzerinden anahtar kelimelerle Türkçe ve İngilizce bulunan makaleler taranmış ve son on yılda yayınlanan ve çokça atıf alan konu ile direk ilgili literatürler incelemeye alınmıştır.

References

  • Bali A, Bali D, Sharma A, Verma G. Is Pederson index a true predictive difficulty index for impacted mandibular third molar surgery? A meta-analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;12:359-64.
  • Gay-Escoda C, Sánchez-Torres A, Borrás-Ferreres J, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Third molar surgical difficulty scales: systematic review and preoperative assessment form. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022;27:e68-76.
  • Akadiri OA, Obiechina AE. Assessment of difficulty in third molar surgery—a systematic review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;67:771-4.
  • Önder H. Gömülü alt yirmi yaş dişlerinin sistemik, klinik ve radyolojik değerlendirmeler yardımıyla cerrahi zorluk skalasının oluşturulması[tez]. Kırıkkale: Kırıkkale Üniversitesi; 2019.
  • Roy I, Baliga SD, Louis A, Rao S. Importance of clinical and radiological parameters in assessment of surgical difficulty in removal of impacted mandibular 3rd molars: a new index. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;14:745-9.
  • De Carvalho R, Vasconcelos B. Pernambuco index: Predictability of the complexity of surgery for impacted lower third molars. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018;47:234-40.
  • Zhang X, Wang L, Gao Z, Li J, Shan Z. Development of a new index to assess the difficulty level of surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars in an Asian population. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019;77:1358. e1-e8.
  • El Ghoul R, Aoun G, Kamar B, Aad G, Berberi A. Assessment of the Difficulty of the Third Molar Surgery in A Sample of the Lebanese Population. JOJ scin 2022; 3:555603.
  • Hashemipour MA, Tahmasbi-Arashlow M, Fahimi-Hanzaei F. Incidence of impacted mandibular and maxillary third molars: a radiographic study in a Southeast Iran population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013;18:e140.
  • Yilmaz S, Adisen MZ, Misirlioglu M, Yorubulut S. Assessment of third molar impaction pattern and associated clinical symptoms in a central anatolian turkish population. Med Princ Pract 2016;25:169-75.
  • Jaron A, Trybek G. The Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction and Assessment of Surgery Difficulty: A Retrospective Study of Radiographs in East Baltic Population. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18:6016.
  • Göksu VC, Ersoy HE, Eberliköse H, Yücel ZE. Gömülü Mandibular Üçüncü Molar Diş Pozisyonlarının Demografik Olarak İncelenmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi 2021;10:165-71.
  • Bello SA, Adeyemo WL, Bamgbose BO, Obi EV, Adeyinka AA. Effect of age, impaction types and operative time on inflammatory tissue reactions following lower third molar surgery. Head Face Med 2011;7:1-8.
  • Garcı́a AGa, Sampedro FG, Rey JG, Vila PG, Martin MS. Pell-Gregory classification is unreliable as a predictor of difficulty in extracting impacted lower third molars. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2000;38:585-7.
  • Passi D, Singh G, Dutta S, Srivastava D, Chandra L, Mishra S, et al. Study of pattern and prevalence of mandibular impacted third molar among Delhi-National Capital Region population with newer proposed classification of mandibular impacted third molar: A retrospective study Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2019;10:59-67.
  • Bhansali SP, Bhansali S, Tiwari A. Review of Difficulty Indices for Removal of Impacted Third Molars and a New Classification of Difficulty Indices. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021;20:167-79.
  • Sekhar MR, Singh S, Valluri R. Correlation of Variables for WHARFE Assessment and Pederson Difficulty Index for Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery—A Prospective Clinical Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021;20:502-6.
  • Yuasa H, Kawai T, Sugiura M. Classification of surgical difficulty in extracting impacted third molars. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2002;40:26-31.
  • de Baranda BS, Silvestre F-J, Silvestre-Rangil J. Relationship between surgical difficulty of third molar extraction under local anesthesia and the postoperative evolution of clinical and blood parameters. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019;77:1337-45.
  • Al-Samman AA. Evaluation of Kharma scale as a predictor of lower third molar extraction difficulty. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2017;22:e796.
  • Barreiro Torres J, Diniz Freitas M, Lago Méndez L, Gude Sampedro F, Gándara Rey JM, García García A. Evaluation of the surgical difficulty in lower third molar extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2010;15:e869-74.
  • Sammartino G, Gasparro R, Marenzi G, Trosino O, Mariniello M, Riccitiello F. Extraction of mandibular third molars: proposal of a new scale of difficulty. Br J Oral and Maxillofac Surg 2017;55:952-7.
  • Janjua OS, Baig Z, Manzoor A, Abbas T. Accuracy of Pederson and modified Parant scale for predicting difficulty level of mandibular third molars. Arch Orofac Sci 2013;8:9-13.
  • Kharma MY, Sakka S, Aws G, Tarakji B, Nassani MZ. Reliability of Pederson scale in surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: proposal of new scale. Journal of Oral Diseases 2014;2014:1-4.
  • Lambade P, Dawane P, Mali D. Assessment of difficulty in mandibular third molar surgery by Lambade-Dawane-Mali’s index. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 Mar 13:S0278-2391(23)00210-0. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.02.013.
  • Pippi R, Bufacchi J, Pietrantoni A. Are there difficulty variables in maxillary third molar surgery? A prospective observational cohort study. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022 Oct 26. doi: 10.23736/S2724-6329.22.04665-4.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Derleme
Authors

İrem Barış Akbaş 0000-0001-7105-8259

Mehmet Barış Şimşek 0000-0002-8479-6709

Publication Date May 13, 2023
Submission Date March 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Barış Akbaş İ, Şimşek MB. Gömülü Üçüncü Molar Dişlerin Cerrahi Çekimi Üzerine Oluşturulmuş Zorluk Skalalarının İncelenmesi: Derleme. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi. 2023;12(2):307-12.